Events
Name | organizer | Where |
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MBCC “Doing Business with Mongolia seminar and Christmas Receptiom” Dec 10. 2024 London UK | MBCCI | London UK Goodman LLC |
NEWS
Sinovac: Brazil results show Chinese vaccine 50.4% effective www.bbc.com
A coronavirus vaccine developed by China's Sinovac has been found to be 50.4% effective in Brazilian clinical trials, according to the latest results released by researchers.
It shows the vaccine is significantly less effective than previous data suggested - barely over the 50% needed for regulatory approval.
The Chinese vaccine is one of two that the Brazilian government has lined up.
Brazil has been one of the countries worst affected by Covid-19.
Sinovac, a Beijing-based biopharmaceutical company, is behind CoronaVac, an inactivated vaccine. It works by using killed viral particles to expose the body's immune system to the virus without risking a serious disease response.
Several countries, including Indonesia, Turkey and Singapore, have placed orders for the vaccine.
Last week researchers at the Butantan Institute, which has been conducting the trials in Brazil, announced that the vaccine had a 78% efficacy against "mild-to-severe" Covid-19 cases.
But on Tuesday they revealed that calculations for this figure did not include data from a group of "very mild infections" among those who received the vaccine that did not require clinical assistance.
With the inclusion of this data, the efficacy rate is now 50.4%, said researchers.
But Butantan stressed that the vaccine is 78% effective in preventing mild cases that needed treatment and 100% effective in staving off moderate to serious cases.
The Sinovac trials have yielded different results across different countries.
Last month Turkish researchers said the Sinovac vaccine was 91.25% effective, while Indonesia, which rolled out its mass vaccination programme on Wednesday, said it was 65.3% effective. Both were interim results from late-stage trials.
The latest figures for China's coronavirus vaccine show just how difficult it is to compare vaccines.
On the face of it, the 50% effectiveness figure isn't as good as Oxford's 70% or Pfizer and Moderna's 95%. But trials are run very differently in different countries - the numbers of volunteers enrolled varies wildly, as do the criteria used to test how much protection the vaccines offer.
A figure for efficacy is reached by looking at how many people developed Covid after being given the vaccine, compared with how many were affected when given a dummy injection. Normally, that is based on people developing obvious symptoms but in this Brazilian trial, people with no symptoms also appear to have been included.
So it's only when the full data from all trials of this vaccine are published that scientists can analyse its real efficacy, and compare like with like. Only limited data for this Sinovac vaccine is currently available - and experts say that is confusing the picture.
In the long term, many vaccines against Covid are needed to vaccinate the world and, inevitably, some will perform better than others - but giving as many people as possible some protection is the priority.
2px presentational grey line
There has been concern and criticism that Chinese vaccine trials are not subject to the same scrutiny and levels of transparency as its Western counterparts.
Both the Sinovac vaccine and the vaccine developed by Oxford University and pharmaceutical firm AstraZeneca have requests for emergency use authorisation pending with regulators in Brazil.
The latest news comes as Brazil is dealing with a major spike in cases. The country currently has the third highest number of Covid-19 cases in the world at over 8.1 million, just behind the US and India.
The BBC World Service's Americas editor Candace Piette says the country is suffering one of the world's deadliest outbreaks but as yet, has not announced when its vaccination programme will begin.
The delay has been caused in large part by the government's haphazard and divided approach to vaccination, says our correspondent.
30th Doing Business with Mongolia Seminar with Scottish Trade Mission www.mongolianbusinessdatabase.com
Thursday January 21st
10am U.K. time, 6pm Mongolian time
Chair John Grogan, Mongolian British Chamber of Commerce
Opening Speeches
Ambassador Tulga, Mongolian Ambassador to the United Kingdom
Daniel Kawczynski MP, Prime Minister's Trade Envoy for Mongolia
Panel
Bolormaa Luvsandorj, Managing Partner, Mongolia Sustainable Development Partners
' The Mongolian Economy '
Amar Adiya, Managing Editor, Mongolian Weekly .
' Government and Politics in Mongolia'
Una Jones, CEO, Sustainable Fibre Alliance.
'Creating a Sustainable Cashmere Valuechain in Mongolia '
Tumennasan Dolgor, Lead Project Manager, International Projects, BSI Group ( British Standards Institution)
''Partnerships and Projects in Mongolia'
To book a place please go to
SCOTTISH ONLiNE TRADE MISSION
An online trade mission from Scotland is being organised by the Scottish Chambers of Commerce supported by the Honorary Consul for Mongolia in Scotland.
Ten companies from the following 5 sectors will take part
Renewable Energy
Alcohol - Whisky and Gin
Agriculture - seed potatoes and cattle
Cashmere
Health and Safety Consultancy
There will be sectoral B2B introductory meetings between 4pm and 6pm Mongolia time on Wednesday January 20th. All being well there will then be a physical trade mission to Ulaanbaatar in September 2021 .
...
COVID-19: Ulaanbaatar reports 14 new cases www.montsame.mn
Ulaanbaatar /MONTSAME/ According to the National Center for Communicable Diseases, 14 new cases of COVID-19 were detected in the country after performing PCR testing on 15,849 people nationwide within the past 24 hours.
The new cases were all recorded in Ulaanbaatar city. The people were close contacts of the previously confirmed cases.
No new infections have been recorded in other aimags in the past 24 hours.
Mongolia now has a total of 1456 confirmed cases with 909 recoveries.
Rio Tinto to move swiftly to resolve Mongolian mine dispute www.smh.com.au
Rio Tinto's new chief executive Jakob Stausholm will move swiftly to strengthen the resources giant's relationship with the Mongolian government in an attempt to defuse a deepening dispute over the $8.7 billion Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold mine expansion.
In a fresh setback for Rio's problem-plagued project, the Mongolian government this week warned the Anglo-Australian miner it was dissatisfied with the progress of the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine expansion and was now considering revoking its 2015 mine development and financing plan unless economic returns were improved.
The plan to enlarge the Oyu Tolgoi mine has been beset by a series of delays and cost blowouts since construction began in 2019.
Mr Stausholm, formerly Rio's chief financial officer, was elevated to the CEO role at the mining giant in December. His predecessor in the role, Jean-Sebastien Jacques, was ousted last year following investor outrage over the destruction of ancient caves in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.
The new Rio CEO has made it clear that forging closer relationships with governments and greater trust with stakeholders in the countries it operates will be one of his top priorities across its global mining operations.
A Rio Tinto spokesperson told The Age and The Sydney Morning Herald the miner is open to lifting the benefits to the Mongolian government from the project, as analysts warn looming renegotiations risk causing further delays and cost blowouts.
"Rio Tinto has been engaged with the government in good faith in relation to the topics raised ... and remains open to improving the underground development plan to increase the benefits of Oyu Tolgoi to all shareholders," a spokesman said.
The Oyu Tolgoi deposit in Mongolia's Gobi Desert is one of the world's largest-known copper and gold deposits. The Mongolian government holds a 34 per cent stake in Oyu Tolgoi and Rio Tinto's majority-owned Turquoise Hill Resources owns 66 per cent.
Top growth project
Rio's long-held plan to enlarge the mine is considered its most important growth project and a key plank of the company's ambition to diversify away from iron ore, which accounts for more than 80 per cent of its earnings. But the project has been beset by a series of long delays and cost blowouts since construction began in 2019. The mine's expansion was first anticipated to cost $US5.3 billion ($6.8 billion) but is now likely to exceed $US6.7 billion ($8.7 billion), Rio told investors in October.
The problems at Oyu Tolgoi loom as an early challenge for Mr Stausholm.
Morgan Stanley analyst Alain Gabriel said the potential renegotiation of the Oyu Tolgoi agreement increased risks around the project's timing and budget.
"Any delays in obtaining approvals beyond the first half of 2021 may result in further value erosion of the project, which we expect to ramp up in October 2022," he said. "A potential renegotiation of the mining agreement could result in some value leakage as the government seeks to accelerate its access to cash flows."
Rio Tinto and its partners have invested more than $11 billion in Oyu Tolgoi over the past decade.
The New York and Toronto-listed shares of Rio's Turquoise Hill Resources, which provides the miner's exposure to Oyu Tolgoi, dropped by nearly 20 per cent following the news of the dispute. Rio shares were down 0.8 per cent to $121.41 on the ASX on Tuesday.
"The government of Mongolia has indicated that if the Oyu Tolgoi project is not economically beneficial to the country, it would be necessary to review and evaluate whether it can proceed." Turquoise Hill said.
"In particular, the government of Mongolia has expressed its intention to initiate discussions with respect to the termination and replacement of the UDP [underground development plan]."
In a statement, Turquoise Hill said it was committed to "engage immediately" with the Mongolian government and Rio Tinto to "revisit the sharing of economic benefits" arising from the Oyu Tolgoi project.
Rio pledged to work with the Mongolian government to ensure the project stayed on track for the next phase of development, which would unlock the most valuable part of the project.
The Oyu Tolgoi mine is Mongolia's biggest source of foreign investment and provides thousands of local jobs.
Chinese traders increasing coal imports from Russia, Mongolia www.globaltimes.cn
Chinese traders are importing more coal from neighboring countries such as Russia and Mongolia, bringing the security of a healthy supply chain amid the backdrop of global uncertainty and disruption from the epidemic.
Fujian Guohang Ocean Shipping (Group) Co has signed an agreement with Russian coal supplier Elga Coal to set up a joint venture to export coking coal to China. The agreement is expected to escalate the imports of Russian coal by 30 million tons, nearly doubling the total Russian export volume of coal to China from 33 million in 2019, Nikkei reported on January 6.
Chinese coal traders are looking for more cooperation in the north in a bid to diversify supply chains as demand for raw materials is seeing a rising trend amid the production resumption and the cold weather, industry experts said.
As of 2019, China’s top five trading countries for coal are Indonesia, Australia, Russia, Mongolia and the Philippines.
While there may be no big change in structure, there will be some change in share, Zhao Jianguo, secretary-general of China's Coal Transportation Association, told the Global Times on Monday.
Data from industry website cctd.com.cn showed that China imported 75 million tons of coal from Australia in 2019, the same as the previous year, with average monthly imports of 6.31 million tons.
Meanwhile, Chinese suppliers are now diversifying their options in a bid to alleviate the risks from over-dependence on certain sources.
"Now the pattern of coal imports has begun to change. For companies engaged in coal imports, there is also a need to be cautious and balance the impact of certain risks on coal imports,” Guan Dali, an energy analyst at First Futures, told the Global Times.
Last September, Mongolia replaced Australia as the top coking coal supplier to China.
The rise of imports from Mongolia is being facilitated by increased shipping capacity thanks to the launch of the China-Mongolia "green channel" in August, which aims to boost bilateral trade and economic cooperation amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
With the joint project between Fujian Guohang Ocean Shipping (Group) Co and Elga Coal, Russia’s coal supplies to China are also seeing a stronger trend.
"It will be a definite trend for China and Russia to find deeper space for cooperation in the energy sector, including coal,” Lin Boqiang, director of the China Center for Energy Economics Research at Xiamen University, told the Global Times on Monday, noting that companies are also buying more from Russia because they are worried about uncertainty over Australia's policy toward China.
"There is also not much difference in the quality and price between Russian and Australian coal,” said Lin.
Meanwhile, with the tightened sea transport due to the epidemic and other factors, the China-Europe freight train that offers relatively stable capacity and costs is playing a significant role in the sustainability of regional trade, noted Lin.
Mongolia to buy coal wagons from Russia www.news.mn
The Mongolian finance, infrastructure and mining group Bodi International has signed a contract with Russia’s United Wagon Company (UWC), to supply 810 class 12-9853 gondola freight wagons with an axle load of 25 tonnes for the transport of coal between the Tavan Tolgoi coal mines and China.
The first 100 wagons are expected to be delivered this year.
The wagons have a load capacity of 75 tonnes and a body volume of 92 cubic metres and are equipped with 1520mm-gauge bogies with a 25-tonne axle load. The wagons are designed with a 32-year lifespan.
UWC successfully outbid six other companies to win the contract. The wagons will be produced at its Tikhvin Freight Car Building Plant in Russia.
The purchase is in response to rising levels of rail freight in Mongolia, which increased by around 7.3% to 27.5 million tonnes in the first 11 months of 2020, compared with the same period in 2019. The growth was primarily driven by exports to China, with further investments in iron-ore and coal mining in the country expected to create additional increases in demand.
Number of foreign workers in Mongolia dropped by 12.2 percent www.montsame.mn
Ulaanbaatar/MONTSAME/. At the end of December 2020, 4.0 thousand foreign citizens from 89 foreign countries worked in Mongolia under the labor contract to earn wage and income or voluntarily without the purpose of earning wage and income. Compared with the same period of the previous year, the number of countries decreased by six, and the number of foreign workers decreased by 562 (12.2%).
Of all foreign workers with labor contracts in Mongolia, 3.5 thousand (86.0%) were male, and 0.5 thousand (14.0%) were female. Of all foreign workers in Mongolia, 51.2% were from China, 6.4% -- the Russian Federation, 5.3% -- S.Korea, 5.0% -- Australia, 3.7% -- the United States, 3.3% -- South Africa, 2.9% -- Philippines, 2.6% --Vietnam, 2.5% -- the Great Britain, 2.0% -- Canada, 2.0% -- India, 1.2% -- Japan and the remaining 11.9% -- other countries.
Source: National Statistics Office
Economic growth of Mongolia expected to be 4.3 percent in 2021 www.montsame.mn
Ulaanbaatar /MONTSAME/ Mongolia’s economy is expected to grow by 4.3 percent in 2021 - 0.6 percentage point below the previous forecast by Global Economic Prospects report released by the World Bank.
The policy response to the pandemic led to a sharp increase in fiscal deficits in the region. To cover the additional financing needs, several governments have used domestic borrowing (China, Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines). Others relied more on external financing (Fiji, Mongolia, Palau, Papua New Guinea).
Combination of public support and slowing activity has raised regional public debt by an estimated 7 percentage points, to 50 percent of GDP on average in 2020 and above 60 percent of GDP in Lao PDR, Malaysia, and Mongolia. Total public and private debt in the region surpassed 100 percent of GDP in two-thirds of regional economies and reached nearly 300 percent of GDP in China and Mongolia.
Growth in the region is projected to accelerate to 7.4% in 2021, led by a rebound in China. This is predicated on the rollout of an effective vaccine in the first quarter of 2021 in major economies and later in smaller emerging market and developing economies. Nevertheless, economic activity in the region is expected to remain below pre-pandemic trend by late 2021, reflecting lasting damage from the COVID-19 shock. Investment and productivity are expected to remain depressed and uncertainty is likely to remain elevated.
source: www.worldbank.org
Mongolia threatens to halt Rio Tinto copper project www.ft.com
Rio Tinto is facing an escalation of its problems in Mongolia, where the government has threatened to halt development of its huge underground copper deposit.
The $6.75bn underground expansion of the Oyu Tolgoi mine in the Gobi Desert is the company’s most important project. However, it has been dogged by problems and is now running late and over budget.
The cost overruns have alarmed Ulaanbaatar, which has said it will have no option but to terminate the investment agreements that underpin the project unless they are improved. Once complete, it will be the world’s fourth-largest copper mine.
The government laid out its concerns in a letter after a virtual meeting last month with Rio’s new chief executive Jakob Stausholm and the head of its copper and diamonds business Arnaud Soirat.
Chief among them is Mongolia’s belief it will never receive a dividend from Oyu Tolgoi because of the amount of debt taken on to develop the existing open pit mine and pay for the underground expansion.
Oyu Tolgoi is 66 per cent owned by Toronto-listed Turquoise Hill Resources, in which Rio has a 50.8 per cent controlling stake, and 34 per cent by the government.
Ulaanbaatar is funding its share of the development costs through loans from Rio, which operates the mine and is managing the underground project. It will not receive any dividends from the project until these debts are paid back.
“The estimates whereby the Government will never receive dividend payments [from the Oyu Tolgoi project] and will incur debt of $22bn create great difficulties for our future co-operation,” the letter said.
“In addition, the estimate that Oyu Tolgoi would pay corporate income taxes or profit taxes only in four years until 2051 raises doubts as to the economic benefits of the project.”
In light of the economics and the fact the mine sits in a region where water is scarce, the government goes on to say that “it is becoming necessary for us to review and evaluate whether or not this project should go ahead”.
The development of the underground mine is underpinned by an investment agreement negotiated by Rio’s former chief executive Jean-Sébastien Jacques and the then Mongolian prime minister Saikhanbileg Chimed.
A parliamentary working group ordered the government to improve the terms of the so called “Dubai” agreement in December 2019.
For its part, Rio has told Ulaanbaatar that under the guidelines of the parliamentary resolution it is prepared to “explore” a reduction of its project management fees and loan interest rates. It has also offered to investigate the idea of a national development fund, according to people with knowledge of the situation.
However, the government wants Rio to address other issues including tax and water.
“Unless Rio Tinto assesses the situation realistically and accepts the proposal of the working group, we have no option but to formally submit a notice to unilaterally terminate” the Dubai agreement, it said in the letter.
Rio said it had invested more than $11bn in Mongolia since 2010 and was “open to improving” the terms of the agreement to “increase the benefits of Oyu Tolgoi to all shareholders”.
TRQ, which saw its share price crash 24 per cent on Monday, said it was “committed to engaging immediately” with Ulaanbaatar.
For the Mongolian government the stakes are high. Oyu Tolgoi is a crucial part of the country’s economy. Not only is it the country’s biggest source of foreign direct investment, it also provides thousands of well-paid jobs.
“The Mongolian government should not be bullied into fearing that foreign direct investment will dry up if they reset this agreement,” said Henry Steel, portfolio manager at Odey Asset Management, who has bet against TRQ shares. “The agreement assumed that there would be no cost or time overruns. Now there have been, the agreement needs to be reset to incorporate this.”
Mongolia starts to supply 98 percent of power with domestic sources www.montsame.mn
Ulaanbaatar /MONTSAME/. In accordance with an intergovernmental agreement between Mongolia and the Russian Federation, four turbo-generators of the Thermal Power Plant No.4 have been upgraded and connected to the Central Energy System with a total cost of USD 93 million.
As a result of the expansion, the installed capacity of the coal-fired thermal power plant has been increased by 89 MW to 789 MW. The new expansion is enough to supply energy to 10 aimag centers or 150 residential apartment complexes of 18,000 household families, for a comparison.
This step helps Mongolia significantly reduce Russia’s energy import from 250 MW down to 110 MW, and supply 98 percent of total power demands using own domestic sources. The combined heating and power plant No.4 now alone supplies 70 percent of power of the country’s central region energy system and 65 percent of heat consumption of Ulaanbaatar.
The ceremony to officially commission the latest expansion at the Thermal Power Plant No.4 located in Ulaanbaatar was held today, January 11, with Prime Minister U.Khurelsukh took part in the event and made remarks.
“In December 2020, the government of Mongolia made a decision to cover utility costs (electricity, heat, water and waste bills) of households and businesses until July 1, 2021, with a view to alleviate negative impacts of COVID-19 pandemic. This expansion will play an important role in maintaining reliable supply to meet increasing consumption for electricity and heating and peak demand in winter season” said the Prime Minister.
He also extended gratitude for companies participated in the expansion project, and mentioned that construction and expansion projects for Tavan Tolgoi, Choibalsan and Amgalan thermal power plants and Erdeneburen hydro power plant are waiting to be implemented in the next three years as part of the country’s mission to fully supply its energy demand on its own.
The expansion of the Thermal Power Plant No.4 was jointly performed by Mongolia’s Thermal Power Plant No.4, state-owned stock company and Russia’s Ural Turbine Works company, and several other domestic companies took part in the development as contractors.
During the event, Minister of Energy N.Tavinbekh noted tender will be announced on January 13, 2021 to take bids for a contractor for the Erdeneburen hydro power plant and also, blueprint for the Tavan Tolgoi Power Plant have already been launched. “The Tavan Tolgoi power plant is expected to ensure full supply of power to Oyu Tolgoi mine in Umnugobi aimag.”
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