1 DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER S.AMARSAIKHAN DISMISSED FOR VIOLATING ACCOUNTABILITY AGREEMENT WWW.GOGO.MN PUBLISHED:2025/10/29      2 STATE EMERGENCY COMMISSION ORDERS READINESS AMID FUEL-SHORTAGE RISKS WWW.GOGO.MN PUBLISHED:2025/10/29      3 WORLD BANK TO ASSIST MONGOLIA IN COP17 PREPARATIONS WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/10/29      4 CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION LAUNCHED AGAINST MP D.AMARBAYASGALAN WWW.GOGO.MN PUBLISHED:2025/10/28      5 MONGOLIA AND GERMANY TO HOLD NEGOTIATIONS ON DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/10/28      6 MONGOLIAN HEALTH WORKERS BEGIN STRIKE AFTER EIGHT DAYS OF PROTEST WWW.ASIANEWS.NETWORK PUBLISHED:2025/10/28      7 STEPPE FIRE DESTROYS 800 HECTARES OF LAND IN EASTERN MONGOLIA WWW.XINHUANET.COM PUBLISHED:2025/10/28      8 MONGOLIA’S CORRUPTION PROBE AT OYU TOLGOI MINING OPERATIONS UNFOLDS WWW.DISCOVERYALERT.COM.AU PUBLISHED:2025/10/28      9 RIO TINTO AND SPIC QIYUAN BEGIN BATTERY-SWAP TRUCK TRIAL IN MONGOLIA WWW.MINING-TECHNOLOGY.COM PUBLISHED:2025/10/28      10 THE EUROPEAN UNION - MONGOLIA BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT FORUM LAUNCHES A NEW ERA OF ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP WWW.EEAS.EUROPA.EU PUBLISHED:2025/10/28      "С.АМАРСАЙХАН ХАРИУЦЛАГЫН ГЭРЭЭ ЗӨРЧСӨН ТУЛ ЕРӨНХИЙ САЙД Г.ЗАНДАНШАТАР АЛБАН ТУШААЛААС НЬ ОГЦРУУЛСАН" WWW.EAGLE.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/29     ЗГ: ГЭР БҮЛИЙН ТУХАЙ ХУУЛИЙН ШИНЭЧИЛСЭН НАЙРУУЛГЫГ ХЭЛЭЛЦЭНЭ WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/29     ҮСХ: ДИЗЕЛИЙН ТҮЛШ ЛИТР ТУТАМДАА 74 ТӨГРӨГӨӨР ӨСӨЖ ₮3014 БОЛОВ WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/29     ЭНЭ ОНЫ ЭХНИЙ 10 САРД 14,785 ХҮҮХЭД ХҮЧИРХИЙЛЭЛД ӨРТЖЭЭ WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/29     РИО ТИНТО ГРУПП ОЮУТОЛГОЙ ХХК-Д АВЛИГЫН ЭСРЭГ ШАЛГАЛТ ЭХЛҮҮЛЭВ WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/28     УОК: ЭРСДЭЛД БЭЛЭН БАЙХЫГ ҮҮРЭГ БОЛГОВ WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/28     ЛАГ ШАТААХ ҮЙЛДВЭР ТӨСЛИЙГ ТӨР, ХУВИЙН ХЭВШЛИЙН ТҮНШЛЭЛЭЭР ХЭРЭГЖҮҮЛНЭ WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/28     УЛААНБААТАР-СИНГАПУРЫН ЧИГЛЭЛД ШУУД НИСЛЭГ ҮЙЛДЭНЭ WWW.MONTSAME.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/28     ЗАЙСАНГИЙН ГҮҮРИЙГ 54 ЖИЛИЙН ДАРАА БҮРЭН ШИНЭЧИЛЛЭЭ WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/28     ЦЕГ-ЫН ДАРГААР Ж.БОЛДЫГ ТОМИЛЛОО WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/10/28    

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MBCC “Doing Business with Mongolia seminar and Christmas Receptiom” Dec 10. 2024 London UK MBCCI London UK Goodman LLC

NEWS

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AI added to 2026-2030 development plan www.ubpost.mn

The Ministry of Economy and Development has completed drafting the Five-Year Development Strategy for 2026 through 2030, which is scheduled for discussion at the Cabinet meeting on October 15. The strategic planning document has been developed based on research and analysis, incorporating measurable goals, clear indicators, and result-oriented objectives. It also emphasizes inclusive participation, ensuring that input from all sectors of society is reflected.
The draft strategy underwent extensive public consultation, being discussed a total of 14 times with representatives from academic institutions, universities, central government agencies, professional associations, and private sector organizations. Feedback and proposals collected during these consultations were consolidated and harmonized into the final version of the document.
According to the Ministry of Economy and Development, the strategy outlines key priorities across human development, social progress, economic and infrastructure growth, environmental sustainability, good governance, digital transition, regional development, national competitiveness, and advances in science, technology and artificial intelligence. Within these areas, it defines specific national, sectoral, and program-level outcomes aimed at achieving balanced and sustainable progress over the five-year period.
Officials stated that the criteria of the strategy align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Mongolia’s international commitments. The Ministry noted that this alignment will not only help fulfill global obligations but also enhance the quality and coherence of Mongolia’s development planning. The government expects the new strategy to serve as a practical roadmap for advancing the country’s long-term “Vision-2050” objectives.

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Another ‘scam’ called New Cooperative 2 www.ubpost.mn

Controversy continues to surround the government’s ambitious New Cooperative Movement, a policy launched by the ruling Mongolian People’s Party (MPP) ahead of the 2024 parliamentary elections. Initially promoted as a lifeline for herders and rural cooperatives, the initiative is now drawing sharp criticism over poor loan repayments, questionable spending and alleged political motivations. 
The MPP pledged a massive 5 trillion MNT in soft loans to support herders and revitalize the cooperative sector. However, repayment rates have proven alarmingly low. According to government data, only 58 billion MNT have been repaid so far, barely a fraction of the 844.5 billion MNT allocated through the 2024 and 2025 state budgets. Despite these results, another 133.9 billion MNT has been included in next year’s budget, sparking public discontent and opposition outcry.
During a recent meeting of the Parliamentary Standing Committee, Democratic Party politician G.Ganbaatar, a member of the party’s National Policy Committee and Political Council, delivered a scathing critique of the program. “In last year’s election, the MPP suddenly invented the New Cooperative story to win the votes of herders. They allocated a total of 844.5 billion MNT, but repayment is minimal. Now they plan to add another 133.9 billion MNT. There is no monitoring, no transparency and huge sums are being wasted on interest payments and fuel for luxury vehicles,” he said. 
G.Ganbaatar accused government officials of misusing public funds, claiming that up to 5 billion MNT were spent on fuel and car rentals for senior officials’ countryside visits under the guise of the program. “This so-called cooperative initiative has completely undermined the true principles of cooperatives, which should be based on market forces and mutual benefit. This fraudulent decision will one day lead you before legal authorities, just like in the Coal Hearing,” he added. 
Public frustration has been mounting since the scheme’s inception. Many herders, originally promised accessible credit and market support, now complain that the funds never reached those in real need. Some cooperative members have even organized protests, calling the program a “vote-buying tactic” disguised as rural development. Economists and civil society groups have echoed these concerns, urging the government to conduct a transparent audit of the program. Analysts warn that without meaningful oversight, the“New Cooperative Movement risks not only becoming another drain on the state budget but also eroding trust in public institutions.
Then-Prime Minister L.Oyun-Erdene proudly announced the program through Government Resolution No. 166, adopted on April 26, 2024, as part of what he described as a broader national effort to protect herders from the economic impacts of drought and climate change. The announcement coincided with the urgent submission to Parliament of the Law on Reducing the Negative Impacts of Natural and Climate Change on Traditional Livestock Farming.
“In order to support herders who have been affected by drought and are in a difficult financial situation, the Government has decided to postpone the repayment of loans and loan interest for one year,” L.Oyun-Erdene declared at the time. “Herders themselves will bear six percent of the loan interest, and the state will cover the rest.” His remarks were widely publicized as part of a media campaign positioning the initiative as a compassionate, forward-looking reform. However, beneath the populist branding and the nostalgic invocation of the New Cooperative concept, originally rooted in Mongolia’s socialist past, critics say the movement quickly morphed into a vehicle for unchecked public spending. Behind the scenes, insiders and opposition members allege that the program effectively became a 5 trillion MNT loan distribution scheme, channeling funds indiscriminately under the banner of “Loans to Support Herders”.
Data from government reports indicate that 844.5 billion MNT were allocated through the 2024 and 2025 state budgets. Yet as of this year, only 58 billion MNT have been repaid, a repayment rate many economists have described as alarming. Despite these results, the 2026 draft state budget already includes another 133.9 billion MNT for the continuation of the initiative, now informally dubbed New Cooperative-2.
Next year’s budget to channel 134 billion MNT into the project
A total of 844.5 billion MNT in loans were provided to nearly 25,000 herders under the New Cooperative Movement. In 2024 and 2025 alone, 115.8 billion MNT from the portfolio of the Minister of Food, Agriculture and Light Industry was spent on interest subsidies. According to State Secretary of the Ministry T.Jambaltseren, next year’s budget will also include an interest subsidy of 109 billion MNT within the minister’s portfolio. This is because the 2026 state budget allocates 133.9 billion MNT for the implementation of the New Cooperative-2 movement, as well as 500 billion MNT in loans sourced through commercial banks.
However, this renewed funding has drawn criticism from opposition members. Parliamentarians J.Bayarmaa, the initiator of the bill on combating vote buying, voiced strong opposition during a recent parliamentary discussion. “There is a concept in politics called abuse of state power and resources. The New Cooperative Movement is a clear example of this. It is a cunning way for the ruling party to buy the votes of herders or voters with taxpayers’ money. This inappropriate use of the state budget, spent inefficiently and without control, must be stopped. Why is the government even increasing interest subsidies? Instead of harming the country like this, we should tell the herders the truth and make them understand: ‘You will simply pay off the loans you took, and we will not charge additional interest.’ But it is unacceptable to add another 134 billion MNT to the 2026 budget,” she said. 
The project, which has been implemented for more than a year and has already cost nearly 1 trillion MNT including interest subsidies, remains largely opaque. There is still no clear information on its actual benefitsь whether the loans were used for their intended purpose, how many of the 25,000 herders have started production, or whether they are processing livestock raw materials. It can only be concluded that the loan repayment rate has not even reached 10 percent.
Following last weekпs committee meeting, the issue turned into a political scandal. A parliamentary working group was established to analyze the implementation of the New Cooperative Movement and the use of the distributed loans. The group reportedly spent a significant amount of money conducting field studies during the spring and summer.
In August, the head of the working group, lawmaker M.Mandkhai presented preliminary findings. She reported, “A total of 10,000 new cooperatives have been established across the country, and about 100,000 herders have participated in the movement. Of these, more than 24,000 herders from about 7,700 cooperatives have received loans, and more than 70 percent of the loans were used to purchase breeding stock. However, since a detailed analysis of loan utilization has not been conducted, it is not yet possible to assess the actual results. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor loan use in the future and carry out a benefit-based evaluation,” she said. 
‘It is necessary to pay attention to the purpose of the loan granted’
Before the public could even notice, imagine, or calculate, five trillion MNT had begun flowing into the financial machine known as the New Cooperative Movement. The Government continues to include and finance payments exceeding the annual interest rate of six percentage points in its yearly budget. While the spending and benefits of the previous loans remain unclear, the New Cooperative-2 initiative has already been approved for inclusion in next year’s state budget. raising growing concerns that the same mistakes seen in past special loan funds will be repeated.
Successive governments have previously issued low-interest loans at six percent annually through the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Fund and the Agricultural Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Yet, history offers many examples of politically connected individuals or those with inside information obtaining such loans and misusing them for purposes far removed from production. These schemes often resulted in no industrial growth, bankruptcies and lengthy police and court proceedings against those responsible.
Even during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Government failed to release clear information about the outcomes of the “10-Trillion MNT Comprehensive Program”, leaving the public uncertain about how those vast sums were spent. Documents later revealed that the New Cooperative Movement had spent hundreds of millions of MNT merely on press advertising during the election period. Meanwhile, questions remain unanswered: if loans alone are the solution, will cooperatives truly develop? Or will the livestock sector’s growth and future once again be put at risk?
It is only natural that many questions arise: What is the income growth rate of the cooperatives that received funding? Did they create new local jobs? Do they have the ability to sustain themselves independently in the market? Reports have surfaced of three to five households forming a cooperative, securing loans of around 50 million MNT, and, lacking both capital and a clear business plan, simply purchasing cars instead of investing in production.
When the program began, the State Bank issued a clear warning, “Herders must develop their own business plans. Doing business based on someone else’s project is both pointless and risky. It is essential to ensure that loans are used for their intended purpose and that repayments are made responsibly. The Loan Guarantee Fund has provided guarantees covering up to 80 to 100 percent of cooperative loans. However, herders themselves must determine how to grow that money and by how many times.” Unfortunately, few people appear to have heeded that advice.
As MP J.Bayarmaa noted, herders should now be told the truth and made to understand that “We are not providing loans to be turned into cars, but to help you grow your 100,000 MNT into 200,000 MNT, and these loans must be repaid.” Otherwise, she warned, herders may one day be left with nothing but regret, saying, “We have no cattle, no factories, and if you don’t take my two ears, there’s nothing else to give.” She added, “This kind of misplaced love and affection, buying the votes of herders with taxpayers’ money, must never happen again.” 
Meanwhile, the Deputy Prime Minister’s Office has instructed officials to “determine the number of newly established cooperatives through detailed research, plan the scale and location of implementation on a regional basis, accurately calculate funding sources and total budgets, set the maximum and minimum loan amounts, conditions, and requirements, and design activities to be implemented at the provincial and soum levels according to local characteristics.” The directive also calls for coordination with regional development policies and for improving access to information on land allocation for citizens and cooperative members.
Yet, questions remain about whether such monitoring and planning can truly fix a flawed foundation. If the results of the loans issued under the New Cooperative Movement remain unknown, if their benefits cannot be measured or verified, then perhaps the more responsible course would be to reduce funding and redirect those resources toward solving the country’s more urgent and tangible problems.

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Mongolia Joins International Solar Alliance Framework Agreement www.montsame.mn

The Government of Mongolia has ratified its accession to the Framework Agreement on the establishment of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) and designated the Ministry of Energy as the national focal agency representing the Government.
The ISA, established in 2015 and headquartered in the Republic of India, is a non-governmental organization that supports collaboration among solar resource-rich countries to address common challenges, mobilize financing for joint projects and programs, and promote the use of solar energy. The ISA operates in complementarity with the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), focusing specifically on solar energy cooperation.
By joining the Alliance, Mongolia aims to strengthen regional cooperation in renewable energy, promote the utilization and production of solar energy, introduce environmentally friendly technologies, and contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, according to the Media and Public Relations Department of the Government of Mongolia.

 

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EIB Global Signs Memorandum of Understanding with Mongolia to Unlock Up To EUR 1 billion for Clean Energy Transition www.montsame.mn

The European Investment Bank’s development arm, EIB Global, has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Government of Mongolia that could unlock up to EUR 1 billion in investment for renewable energy, modern power networks, sustainable transport, and other projects driving the country’s green transition. The partnership, which has the full support of the European Commission, creates a pathway for significant new investment in clean, affordable, and secure energy for people and businesses.
The agreement, signed today at the first Mongolia-EU Business and Investment Forum in Ulaanbaatar, sets the stage for closer cooperation between Mongolia and EIB Global under the EU Global Gateway strategy and Mongolia’s Vision 2050. It places a particular focus on diversifying Mongolia’s energy mix and ensuring clean, affordable, and secure energy, while also creating opportunities for cooperation in other Global Gateway priority areas, including digital, transport, health, education, and research.
EIB Vice-President Teresa Czerwińska, who oversees the Bank’s operations in Mongolia, said: “Mongolia has vast potential for renewable energy, from wind and solar to infrastructure designed for sustainability and climate resilience. By partnering under the Global Gateway framework, we can help accelerate the country’s green transition, strengthen energy security, and create opportunities for communities and businesses.”
Ambassador of the European Union to Mongolia Ina Marčiulionyte added: “This Memorandum of Understanding deepens the strategic partnership between the European Union and Mongolia while delivering real benefits for people and communities. By combining European expertise with Mongolia’s renewable potential, we are advancing innovation, energy security, and sustainable growth that create quality jobs, build essential skills, will strengthen the country’s future and its role in the region.”
Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia Dorjkhand Togmid concluded: “Diversifying our energy mix and ensuring secure and affordable power for households and firms is a national priority. The partnership with EIB Global and the European Union – unlocking up to EUR 1 billion – will help Mongolia harness its renewable potential, support private sector development, modernise our power systems, and create jobs in the green economy. This cooperation is a milestone in our journey towards a sustainable and resilient future, and a key step in Mongolia’s clean energy transition.”
Under the Memorandum of Understanding, EIB Global will work with Mongolian authorities and partners to identify and prepare eligible projects in priority areas, with a particular focus on clean energy and private sector development, while also supporting collaboration across other Global Gateway and Vision Mongolia 2025 sectors. Final investment volumes will depend on the pipeline of projects developed jointly with Mongolian stakeholders, with support from the European Union. The reference to up to EUR 1 billion in investment is indicative and does not constitute a binding financial commitment.

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Uranium supplies, mega refinery, defence in focus at India-Mongolia meeting www.hindustantimes.com

The sourcing of uranium, a $1.7-billion oil refinery and steps to bolster defence cooperation figured in talks on Tuesday between Mongolian President Khurelsukh Ukhnaa and Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who gave an assurance that India will be a “strong and reliable partner” for Mongolia’s development.
Khurelsukh arrived in New Delhi on Monday for the first visit by a Mongolian president in six years, with the focus on strengthening bilateral ties in a range of areas. Ten agreements to bolster cooperation in key sectors such as digital solutions, exploration of mineral resources and quick impact projects were finalised during the meeting between the leaders.
India and Mongolia upgraded their ties to a strategic partnership during a visit a decade ago by Modi, who said bilateral defence and security cooperation has steadily grown. “We stand as close partners…supporting a free, open, inclusive and rules-based Indo-Pacific. Together, we work to amplify the voice of the Global South,” he told a joint media interaction, speaking in Hindi.
“Even though we do not share a border, India has always considered Mongolia a close neighbour,” Modi said. “India has been a strong and reliable partner in Mongolia’s development.”
Khurelsukh emphasised the importance of exploring new transport and logistics gateways to enhance trade and economic cooperation.
The Indian side expressed interest in sourcing uranium and other minerals, including copper, gold and zinc, from Mongolia, officials said. Mongolia has up to 90,000 tonnes of uranium reserves and finalised an agreement with France in January for extracting 2,500 tonnes a year.
“We have offered our interest in partnering with Mongolia for uranium. We will be taking up the dialogue in the coming months,” P Kumaran, secretary (East) in the external affairs ministry, told a media briefing.
Both Modi and Khurelsukh highlighted the importance of Mongol Refinery, the country’s first refinery being built with a $1.7-billion Indian line of credit that is expected to begin operations in 2028. It will have the capacity to process 1.5 million tonnes of crude oil a year, or 30,000 barrels a day.
Noting that the refinery will strengthen Mongolia’s energy security, Modi said: “It is India’s largest development partnership project globally, with over 2,500 Indian professionals working alongside their Mongolian counterparts to make it a reality.”
Khurelsukh described the project as a “flagship symbol of cooperation” that is of strategic importance for ensuring Mongolia’s economic security.
Kumaran said India is keen to complete the refinery by 2028 because of the importance attached by Mongolia to making use of its own crude oil resources, instead of exporting them, and becoming “as energy independent as possible”. He said: “It is coming up very well, almost all the civil work is over. The refinery equipment is being manufactured in India and will be shipped to Mongolia.”
The two sides also unveiled a range of steps to bolster defence and security cooperation, including the posting of a resident Indian defence attaché in Ulaanbaatar and expansion of training programmes and military exercises. Khurelsukh also met defence minister Rajnath Singh to discuss ways to enhance security cooperation.
“We have launched several new initiatives, from training programmes to the appointment of a defense attaché at the embassy. India will also launch a new capacity building programme for Mongolia’s border security forces,” Modi said.
India currently sends military trainers to Mongolia to train the country’s officers, and the two sides participate in joint exercises such as Nomadic Elephant and Khaan Quest. The Mongolian side is also interested in working with India on the use of drones, Kumaran said.
“They see a lot of benefit in training with us. They would like us to continue with existing programmes and also offer more support in terms of training,” Kuamran said, noting that India has set up a cyber-security training centre for Mongolia’s armed forces. “We also provide some kinds of equipment as part of our grant assistance to Mongolia and we propose to continue that,” he said.
The two sides finalised 10 memorandums of understanding (MoUs) covering immigration cooperation, digital solutions, humanitarian aid, geology and mineral resources, quick impact projects, cultural exchanges, promotion of cooperatives, and renovation of the Bogd Khan winter palace. One agreement will facilitate cooperation between India’s Ladakh region and Mongolia’s Arkhangai province.
The Indian side also announced it will send relics of two disciples of Lord Buddha to Mongolia in 2026 in keeping with the Buddhist heritage of the two countries, and provide free e-visas for Mongolian nationals. Khurelsukh announced that a Mongolian carrier plans to launch charter flights to New Delhi and Amritsar this year to boost tourism.

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Mongolia Sees Increase in Newborn Livestock Survival www.montsame.mn

 Of the 26.7 million breeding livestock counted nationwide at the end of 2024, a total of 21.4 million gave birth during the first nine months of 2025. To date, 21.1 million offspring, or 98.4 percent of the newborn livestock, have been raised.
By breeding animal type, 83.4 percent of ewes, 80.2 percent of does, 47.1 percent of female camels, 72.1 percent of cows, and 69.7 percent of mares calved or foaled.
Currently, herders across the country are raising 9.8 million lambs, 8.5 million kids, 1.5 million calves, 1.2 million foals, and 86.8 thousand camel calves. The number of surviving young livestock has increased by 5.6 million compared to the same period in 2024.

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Mongolia and European Investment Bank to pen cooperation agreement for 1 billion euros www.akipress.com

State Secretary of the Ministry of Finance of Mongolia Ganbat Jigjid met with Vice-President of the European Investment Bank (EIB) Tereza Czerwińska, who is visiting Mongolia to discuss ongoing cooperation and future partnership opportunities, Montsame reported.
The sides underlined that expanding bilateral cooperation would make a significant contribution to Mongolia's sustainable development, infrastructure advancement, and green transition.
The government of Mongolia, the European Union, and the EIB will sign a Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation to secure 1 billion euros in financing. The cooperation will focus on priority sectors, including digital transformation, climate and energy, transportation, healthcare, and education, and will support Mongolia's green and sustainable growth, according to the Ministry of Economy and Development.
The MoU will be signed by EIB Vice-President Tereza Czerwińska and Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia Dorjkhand Togmid during the Mongolia–EU Business and Investment Forum in Ulaanbaatar on October 15.
Mongolia has been cooperating with the EIB since 2014 and has received a total of 144 million euros in loans and grant financing. Projects being implemented under this partnership include the Aimag and Soum Regional Green Development Investment Program, which promotes climate-resilient, low-carbon development, and the Ulaanbaatar Ger Area Development Program, which supports polycentric urban planning and infrastructure improvement in ger districts.

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2 die in suspected carbon monoxide poisoning in Mongolia's capital www.xinhuanet.com

Two people have died from suspected carbon monoxide poisoning in Mongolia's capital Ulan Bator since the beginning of October, the country's National Center for Public Health reported Tuesday.
The victims were found in a house and a traditional round-shaped dwelling, known as a ger, in slums on the outskirts of Ulan Bator. Both were believed to have died while sleeping during the nighttime, the center said in a statement.
A preliminary investigation suggested the deaths may have been caused by smoke leaking from stove chimneys.
Mongolia is the world's most sparsely populated country. However, housing is one of the most pressing issues in Mongolia, especially in the capital city, home to over half of the country's population of 3.5 million.
More than half of Ulan Bator's residents live in the city's ger districts, with no running water, central heating, or sewerage systems.

 

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India, Mongolia ink 10 pacts, ties elevated to strategic partnership www.indianexpress.com

India on Tuesday decided to fund an oil refinery project, give training to Mongolian armed forces, give free e-visas to Mongolian citizens and have cultural ties between Ladakh and a province of the east Asian nation as Prime Minister Narendra Modi and visiting Mongolian President Khurelsukh Ukhnaa met Tuesday.
After the bilateral meeting at Hyderabad House, PM Modi said the two countries had elevated their ties to a strategic partnership of about 10 years. They signed 10 pacts in the area of cultural exchange, immigration cooperation, promotion of cooperatives, humanitarian aid, geology and mineral resources, yoga and renovation of the Bogd Khan Palace.
“Our defence and security cooperation is also steadily strengthening. We have launched several new initiatives, from training programmes to the appointment of a Defence Attaché at the Embassy. India will also launch a new capacity-building programme for Mongolia’s border security forces,” he said.
“India has been a strong and reliable partner in Mongolia’s development. The Oil Refinery Project, supported by India’s $1.7 billion line of credit, will strengthen Mongolia’s energy security. It is India’s largest development partnership project globally, with over 2,500 Indian professionals working alongside Mongolian counterparts,” Modi said.
Terming the two nations “spiritual siblings” as they share the age-old bond of Buddhism, the PM said, “Next year, the holy relics of two great disciples of Lord Buddha — Sariputra and Maudgalyayana — will be sent from India to Mongolia.”
He said India will also send a Sanskrit teacher to Gandan Monastery to support in-depth study of Buddhist texts. “We have decided to soon launch a project to digitize one million ancient manuscripts. Nalanda University has played a vital role in Buddhism in Mongolia, and today we have agreed to strengthen this historic connection by linking Nalanda with Gandan Monastery.”
Modi said the MoU signed today between the Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council and Mongolia’s Arkhangai Province will give a fresh boost to cultural ties. He said their approach to global issues is based on “shared values”. “We stand as close partners in international forums, supporting a free, open, inclusive and rules-based Indo-Pacific. Together, we also work to amplify the voice of the Global South.”
He said, “We have also strengthened our cooperation in skill development. Through the Atal Bihari Vajpayee Centre of Excellence for IT and the India-Mongolia Friendship School, the aspirations of Mongolia’s youth are reaching new heights.”
President Khurelsukh planted a banyan tree in honour of his late mother as part of the initiative “Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam”. “Our relations are built on a solid foundation of trust and friendship between two ancient civilizations. They are nurtured by a shared cultural heritage, democratic values, and a shared commitment to development. I am confident that together we will take this strategic partnership to new heights,” he said. He hailed India’s leading role in the clean energy sector and specifically referred to the New Delhi-led International Solar Alliance.
MEA’s Secretary (East) P Kumaran said, “Critical minerals and renewable energy… Mongolia has large reserves of coking coal… and India buys coking coal from a variety of partners including Canada, Indonesia, Australia etc. Mongolia offers itself as a potential partner for this. The difficulty of course happens to be the fact that Mongolia is landlocked and depends on ports and neighboring countries to be able to ship out the coal. Most of their coal is currently exported to China.”
“If India is to buy coking coal from Mongolia, it will have to be either through Tianjin port in China or through Vladivostok in Russia. The economics need to be figured out. I understand that the Russian option is more expensive than the Chinese option. So, we are talking to the Russians and the Mongolians to see what kind of arrangements can be made to bring Mongolian coal through the Trans-Siberian Railway to Vladivostok and see how exactly the economics plays out.”

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India-backed oil refinery in Mongolia to begin operations by 2028 www.deccanherald.com

New Delhi: Mongolia’s first oil refinery, being supported by a Line of Credit extended by the Government of India, may start operations by 2028, four years behind schedule, and lessen the landlocked East Asian nation’s dependence on imports from Russia and China.
“The oil refinery project, supported by India's $1.7 billion Line of Credit, will strengthen the energy security of Mongolia,” Prime Minister Narendra Modi said after a meeting with President Khurelsukh Ukhnaa of the East Asian country in New Delhi on Tuesday.
The construction of the refinery started in 2018. Though it was expected to be completed by 2024, the construction was delayed. “Almost all the civil work is over. The refinery equipment is being manufactured in India and will be shipped to Mongolia. It seems to be on track, and we expect that by 2028, the refinery should be in operation,” P Kumaran, Secretary (East) at the Ministry of External Affairs, told journalists in New Delhi.
He was briefing the journalists about the meeting between Modi and Khurelsukh. “The Mongolians want to use their own crude, which is mostly exported now, to be fed into this refinery so that they can be as energy independent as possible. That is something we want to support, and we hope to see this through by 2028,” added Kumaran.
Modi noted that defence and security cooperation between India and Mongolia was also steadily strengthening. “We have launched several new initiatives, from training programs to the appointment of a Defence Attaché at the Embassy. India will also launch a new capacity-building program for Mongolia's border security forces,” he added.
"It is a deep, soulful, and spiritual bond. The depth and scope of our partnership is reflected in our people-to-people ties," said the president of Mongolia. “Both our countries share the age-old bond of Buddhism, which is why we are also called spiritual siblings," he added.

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