1 DRAFT TAX REFORM PACKAGE UP FOR PARLIAMENT SUBMISSION WWW.UBPOST.MN PUBLISHED:2025/12/26      2 MONGOLIA LAUNCHES WORLD'S FIRST 24/5 BLOCKCHAIN-BASED SECURITIES TRADING WWW.KIPOST.NET  PUBLISHED:2025/12/26      3 CONSTRUCTION OF OIL REFINERY AT 50 PERCENT COMPLETE WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/12/26      4 FLS DRIVING INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY IN MONGOLIA'S MINING INDUSTRY WWW.MONGOLIANMININGJOURNAL.COM  PUBLISHED:2025/12/26      5 MORE THAN 3,000 LAND PARCELS CLEARED IN ULAANBAATAR IN 2025 WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/12/26      6 LAND ALLOCATION REQUESTS TO BE PROCESSED STARTING DECEMBER WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/12/26      7 SCHOOL NO.49 BECOMES 100% SOLAR-POWERED WWW.GOGO.MN PUBLISHED:2025/12/26      8 CONSTRUCTION OF WASTE-TO-ENERGY PLANT TO BEGIN IN 2026 WWW.GOGO.MN PUBLISHED:2025/12/25      9 SECURITIES TRADING REACHES MNT 879.5 BILLION WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/12/25      10 PROPOSAL, CONCLUSION ON DETERMINING THE STATE OWNERSHIP STAKES IN 'ACHIT IKHT', 'ERDENET MINING', AND 'ZES ERDENIIN KHUVI' LLCS TO BE DISCUSSED WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/12/25      Ж.ЧИНБҮРЭН: ХДХВ/ДОХ-ЫН ХАЛДВАРТАЙ 12 ИРГЭН ХЯНАЛТАД ОРОХГҮЙ АЛДАГДСАН НЬ ҮНЭН WWW.GOGO.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/26     БАТ-ӨЛЗИЙ, ХУЖИРТ СУМЫГ ХОЛБОСОН АВТО ЗАМЫГ УЛСЫН КОМИСС ХҮЛЭЭН АВЛАА WWW.MONTSAME.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/26     "ОЮУТОЛГОЙ"-Н ТОГТООЛЫН ТӨСӨЛ БАТЛАГДАЖ, ТҮР ХОРОО ТАТАН БУУГДЛАА WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/26     ГОВЬ-АЛТАЙ АЙМГИЙН АЛТАЙ СУМ ЦАХИЛГААНД БҮРЭН ХОЛБОГДЛОО WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/26     ЭНЭ ОНД НИЙСЛЭЛД 16.3 КМ БОРООНЫ УС ЗАЙЛУУЛАХ ШУГАМ УГСАРЧЭЭ WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/26     ТӨРИЙН ӨМЧИТ КОМПАНИУД ДНБ-ИЙ 74 ХУВЬТАЙ ТЭНЦЭХ ХӨРӨНГӨТЭЙ БАЙНА WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/26     УЛААНБААТАР ХОТОД БЕНЗИН, ДИЗЕЛИЙН ТҮЛШНИЙ НИЙЛҮҮЛЭЛТ ТОГТВОРЖСОН WWW.EAGLE.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/26     ГАЗАР ЭЗЭМШИХ ГЭРЧИЛГЭЭГ ОЛГОЖ ЭХЭЛНЭ WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/25     ИРЭХ ОНЫ ЭХНИЙ УЛИРАЛД “АЧИТ ИХТ”, “ЭРДМИН”, “ЗЭС ЭРДЭНИЙН ХУВЬ” ХХК-Д ТӨРИЙН ЭЗЭМШЛИЙН ХУВЬ ХЭМЖЭЭГ ТОГТООХЫГ ҮҮРЭГДЖЭЭ WWW.EAGLE.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/25     2026 ОНД ЮУНД ХӨРӨНГӨ ОРУУЛБАЛ АШИГТАЙ БАЙХ ВЭ WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/12/25    

Events

Name organizer Where
MBCC “Doing Business with Mongolia seminar and Christmas Receptiom” Dec 10. 2025 London UK MBCCI London UK Goodman LLC

NEWS

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Russia expects ratification of EAEU trade agreement with Mongolia no later than mid-2026 www.interfax.com

The Russian government expects the completion of legal procedures for the interim free trade agreement of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) with Mongolia no later than mid-2026, Deputy Prime Minister Alexei Overchuk said.
"Currently, the process of ratifying this agreement is underway in the EAEU countries. We expect these procedures to be completed no later than the middle of next year. In Russia, the package of documents for ratification has already been submitted to the State Duma," Overchuk said during the first forum of Mongolian and Russian regions in Irkutsk.
The parties have been working on the agreement since 2021, he said. In June 2025, an interim trade agreement between the EAEU and Mongolia was signed in Minsk, which "opens up opportunities for duty-free imports of goods of your export interest," Overchuk said, addressing the representative of Mongolia.
As previously reported, Russia is awaiting the prompt completion of procedures allowing the agreement to enter into force, Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin said in August. For the agreement to enter into force, it must undergo ratification procedures.
The agreement with Mongolia is of an interim nature and is concluded initially for three years with the possibility of subsequently extending it.

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President Khurelsukh Arrives in Italy for State Visit www.montsame.mn

The President of Mongolia Khurelsukh Ukhnaa, together with First Lady Bolortsetseg Luvsandorj, has arrived in Rome to pay a State Visit from December 1 to 3, 2025, at the invitation of the President of the Italian Republic, Sergio Mattarella.
President Khurelsukh was welcomed at the Fiucimino International Airport by a Member of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy and the Head of the Italy-Mongolia Parliamentary Group, Nicola Carè, Head of Diplomatic Protocol, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Bruno Pasquino, Ambassador of Italy to Mongolia, Giovanna Piccarreta, Deputy Chief of Protocol of the Secretariat of State, Bruno Bastos Lins from the Italian side, and by the Ambassador of Mongolia to Italy, Narantungalag Tserendorj, and Ambassador of Mongolia to the Holy See, Gerelmaa Davaansuren, from the Mongolian side.
The State Visit is taking place within the framework of the 55th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Mongolia and Italy.
The Republic of Italy, whose roots trace back to the Roman Empire, was unified as a kingdom in 1861. In 1946, following a nationwide referendum, the country adopted a republican form of government, laying the foundation for what is today a politically and economically influential member of the G7.
Italy shares borders with Austria, France, the Holy See, San Marino, Slovenia, and Switzerland, and is a key member of NATO and the European Union. The country has a population of 59 million and a GDP of USD 2.2 trillion. Its economy is driven primarily by services (65%), followed by industry (23%) and agriculture (2%). Italy exports industrial machinery, equipment, transport vehicles, textiles, metal products, and pharmaceuticals worth EUR 623 billion, while importing petroleum, natural gas, transport vehicles, metal goods, food products, and equipment totaling EUR 568 billion.
Foreign direct investment stands at EUR 452 million. Italy possesses significant reserves of coal, mercury, zinc, marble, fluorspar, natural gas, and marine resources. The country is also renowned as the birthplace of historic and cultural figures well known to Mongolians, including Marco Polo, Christopher Columbus, Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Galilei, Michelangelo, and Luciano Pavarotti.

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India weighs Mongolian coking coal imports despite transport hurdles, source says www.reuters.com

NEW DELHI, Dec 1 (Reuters) - India is assessing the viability of importing coking coal from Mongolia despite transport bottlenecks, a source with direct knowledge of the matter said, as New Delhi seeks to diversify supplies of the key steelmaking ingredient.
India, the world's second-biggest crude steel producer, relies on imports for about 85% of its coking coal needs, with more than half sourced from Australia. Demand is expected to climb in coming years, prompting the government and steelmakers to look at tapping new suppliers, the source said.
Landlocked Mongolia has two trade corridors for exports - a longer route via Russia and another through China.
India does not expect the China route to be viable in the long term given Mongolia's strategic importance to Beijing as a coal supplier and the potential for Beijing to block access, the source said, declining to be identified as the information was not public.
India's Ministry of Steel did not respond to an email seeking comment.
New Delhi and Beijing are cautiously rebuilding economic ties after a deadly clash along their contested border in 2020 triggered a prolonged military standoff.
Mongolian coking coal has been cited by industry officials as a potential source of high-grade coal at relatively lower prices. But logistics remain the biggest hurdle, the source said.
India has yet to receive trial shipments of Mongolian coal that were planned earlier this year. State-run Steel Authority of India (SAIL) (SAIL.NS), opens new tab had sought 1 metric ton of Mongolian coal, Reuters reported in May.
"SAIL is in continuous engagement with Mongolian coking coal suppliers for ascertaining technical and logistical feasibility for sourcing from Mongolia," the steelmaker said in an emailed statement.
The Mongolian Ministry of Mining and Heavy Industry did not respond to a request for comment.
Separately, Russia and the United States each account for roughly 15% of India's coking coal imports, the source said.
Reporting by Neha Arora; editing by Mayank Bhardwaj and Kevin Buckland
Neha Arora
Neha Arora
Thomson Reuters
Neha reports on metals and mining in India. In her time at Reuters, she has reported on the pandemic when she was a finalist in the Breaking News of the Year category for Journalists of the Year Awards. She has also reported on India's trade policy, central bank's monetary policy, FX/debt markets, as well as done a brief stint with the desk and edited stories. She is a postgraduate with a diploma in journalism from Mumbai's Xavier Institute of Communications, and a graduate in English literature from University of Delhi.

 

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Sponsored hackers threaten government’s security www.ubpost.mn

The number of internet users in Mongolia reached 4.5 million in the first half of this year. By comparison, the figure stood at only around 2.9 million last year, marking a dramatic surge within the span of one year. In the capital city, 85.3 percent of residents are internet users, while the rate in rural areas is 67.6 percent. Although Mongolia’s population is relatively small compared to many other nations, these statistics clearly show that the country has an exceptionally high level of internet usage. Today, experts emphasize that there is virtually no country left untouched by the influence of the internet, nor any nation that does not carefully consider how to govern and utilize it responsibly and efficiently.
The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) has characterized the internet as a critical driving force behind global trade and economic development. In essence, the internet has become a bridge that connects people, markets, and ideas across the world. However, ensuring its safe, ethical, and proper use has emerged as an urgent global challenge. Moreover, countries such as the United States have officially recognized cyberspace as the fifth domain of warfare—joining land, sea, air, and outer space. Cyber warfare, which targets and disrupts a nation’s information technology infrastructure, is now regarded as being just as destructive and consequential as traditional military conflict. In the era of rapidly advancing technology, Mongolia, too, faces mounting pressure to strengthen its cybersecurity preparedness, reinforce its digital defenses, and build robust “walls” capable of withstanding foreign cyber intrusions.
INFORMATION SECURITY AUDITS ARE ESSENTIAL
Government organizations are the primary collectors of individuals’ most sensitive and confidential information. Private-sector institutions have likewise begun gathering increasing amounts of personal data from citizens. Yet, despite collecting vast databases of information, it remains uncertain whether these entities possess the capacity to store, protect, and manage such data without risking breaches of privacy or violations of citizens’ rights. Numerous cases in recent years have shown that ministries, public agencies, hospitals—both private and state-run—and banking and financial institutions have fallen victim to cyberattacks, leading to the leakage of user data.
Notably, 70 percent of cyberattacks directed at Mongolia target the Government and its affiliated agencies. An additional 11 percent are aimed at organizations under the Parliament, while 14 percent target the health sector, which has increasingly become a prime area of vulnerability. According to the Ministry for Digital Development, Innovation and Communications (MDDIC), more than 128 million cyber “attacks” originating from Russia were detected last year—the highest number recorded. Meanwhile, over 65 million suspicious attempts came from the United States, and more than 50 million from China. These figures underscore a clear reality: targeted attempts to steal or exploit sensitive personal and governmental information are ongoing, persistent, and intensifying. Across Mongolia, approximately 60,000 to 90,000 cyberattacks occur every week. Within this environment, the crucial questions are how effectively the country is preventing such attacks and what immediate response mechanisms are in place when breaches occur.
Last year, MDDIC released the findings of a cybersecurity assessment conducted across 67 government institutions. The results revealed that 29.4 percent of ministries, state agencies, central and local government bodies surveyed had experienced some form of cyberattack. Even more alarming was that 70.5 percent either had been attacked or were unaware of whether breaches had occurred at all. Additionally, 56.6 percent lacked policies or official documentation related to information security; 30 percent had never conducted a cybersecurity risk assessment; and 55.3 percent did not adhere to any recognized information security standards. A technical inspection of computers and equipment used for official purposes found that 21 percent contained malware, while 15 percent were deemed highly vulnerable to future attacks.
In 2024, the ministry, in collaboration with the Global Cybersecurity Capacity Centre at the University of Oxford, launched a comprehensive study to evaluate Mongolia’s current cybersecurity landscape. The findings, presented in February, highlighted several urgent needs. These included strengthening the alignment of cybersecurity policies and legal frameworks, increasing public awareness and digital literacy, building a more skilled and capable cybersecurity workforce, and expanding Mongolia’s international cooperation and engagement in cybersecurity initiatives.
According to the Global Cybersecurity Index issued by the International Telecommunication Union, Mongolia scored 56 points, ranking 103rd out of 194 countries—placing it in the “developing” category. The country performed relatively well in areas related to legislation and organizational structure, scoring between 13.6 and 19.1 out of 20 points. However, Mongolia lagged significantly in technical capacity, workforce development, and collaborative efforts. Going forward, the government aims to elevate Mongolia’s standing to the “maturing” level of the index and eventually reach the exemplary fifth tier—a stage at which the country would possess strong, resilient, and fully integrated cybersecurity systems capable of effectively countering evolving digital threats.
ADMINISTRATION PLAYS CRUCIAL ROLE
The Law on Cyber Security states government institutions to conduct both information security audits and cybersecurity risk assessments. Mongolia currently has more than 40 organizations authorized to perform such risk assessments. However, many government bodies remain reluctant to undergo these evaluations. According to sources, some agencies deliberately choose to pay the penalty for non-compliance rather than have their systems assessed, largely because the cost of a risk assessment increases based on the number of computers that need to be examined.
Public institutions and private companies that manage large volumes of citizen data are required to submit their annual risk assessment reports to the relevant authorities. Government organizations, for example, must report to the National Center Against Cyber-Attacks and Violations while private-sector entities send their reports to the Public Computer Security Incident Response Team.
To understand the importance of identifying and preventing risks, Information Security Auditor B.Erdem offered insights into why such assessments matter. According to him, “Every organization today faces the pressing challenge of safeguarding the data they collect and ensuring the continuity of their security systems. Leadership or administration commitment plays a significant role in this. Under the ISO/IEC 27001:2013 information security management standard, leadership responsibility is considered the most critical element. Without strong leadership, building and maintaining such a system becomes extremely difficult.”
He added that cybersecurity is not a one-time task but a continuous, ongoing process. “There is no system in the world that is 100 percent unhackable. There will always be technologies that can bypass defenses. That is why strict adherence to laws, regulations, and standards is essential for protecting against cyber threats.” B.Erdem then continued, “These standards clearly outline where risks may arise and what steps must be taken in the event of a breach. Once organizations implement these practices, auditors step in to inspect and provide recommendations. Risk assessment is one of the most important components of information security and must be conducted annually.”
According to him, implementing standards such as ISO/IEC 27001 even helps prevent basic internal threats—for example, ensuring that an employee who leaves their job cannot easily leak the organization’s internal information. “Unfortunately, in Mongolia, cases of insiders leaking organizational data are not uncommon,” he noted.
IS MONGOLIA PREPARED FOR CYBER WARFARE?
In recent years, an increasing number of countries have become targets of cyberattacks carried out by state-sponsored hacking groups. According to research by Group-IB, a Singapore-based global cybersecurity company established in 2003, there were 828 state-sponsored cyberattacks worldwide last year. Of these, 15.5 percent targeted national governments and armed forces—a figure that represents a 58 percent increase compared to 2023.
These attacks often manifest in various forms, including malicious links designed to trick users or the exploitation of weak networks in neighboring countries. Telecommunications networks have also become common targets. In Europe and Africa, for instance, cyberattacks have been linked to the disruption of undersea cables, while in Ukraine, they have targeted terrestrial infrastructure. In the United States, attackers have attempted to infiltrate government surveillance systems. The research found that India was the most frequent target of these attacks. Overall, 31.4 percent of all state-sponsored attacks last year were directed at government institutions.
The study also revealed that the personal information of more than 6.4 billion users worldwide was leaked or put at risk last year. The most commonly compromised data included email addresses, phone numbers, and passwords—often stolen through phishing schemes and database breaches.
Mongolia has not been spared from these threats. Both of its neighboring countries—Russia and China—as well as the United States have continued to launch persistent waves of cyber intrusions targeting Mongolian networks. Although Mongolia has established a legal and policy framework for cybersecurity, including the Law on Cyber Security and the National Cybersecurity Strategy, the challenge now lies in ensuring effective implementation, enforcing compliance, and making adequate financial investments.
There is promising news, however: beginning January 1 of next year, Mongolia will have a dedicated national cybersecurity budget for the first time. Yet, one of the most serious problems remains unresolved—the severe shortage of skilled specialists and trained professionals in the cybersecurity sector. How this gap will be filled still remains uncertain.
In the face of rapidly escalating global cyber threats, Mongolia stands at a pivotal moment. The country has begun laying the legal and structural foundations necessary to protect its digital sovereignty, yet the true test lies in transforming these frameworks into effective, day-to-day practice. Building a resilient cybersecurity system will require not only financial investment and modern technology, but also strong leadership, skilled human resources, and a culture that prioritizes digital vigilance. As cyberattacks grow more sophisticated and state-sponsored groups become increasingly skilled, Mongolia’s ability to safeguard critical infrastructure and citizen data will depend on its commitment to sustained, coordinated, and forward-looking cybersecurity efforts.

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President of Mongolia to pay state visit to Italy www.qazinform.com

At the invitation of President of the Republic of Italy Sergio Mattarella, President of Mongolia Khurelsukh Ukhnaa will pay a state visit to Italy from December 1 to 3, 2025, MONTSAME reports. 
 The historic visit, marking the first presidential-level engagement in 14 years, coincides with the 55th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Mongolia and Italy.
During the state visit, the two Heads of State will meet tête-à-tête and hold formal negotiations to further advance bilateral cooperation. On this occasion, a series of cooperation agreements will be signed between the governments and institutions of both countries, covering areas such as culture, education, science, minerals, infrastructure, civil protection, local development, sports, tourism, and public media.
President Khurelsukh will also be received by Lorenzo Fontana, President of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy, the lower house of the Italian Parliament.
In addition, the Mongolia-Italy Business Forum will convene to foster economic collaboration and strengthen ties between the business communities of the two countries. To commemorate the anniversary, the Mongolian Philharmonic Morin Khuur Orchestra will perform in Rome, presenting Mongolia’s rich cultural heritage through its national instrument.
The state visit is expected to deepen traditional ties and elevate the friendly partnership between Mongolia and Italy to new heights of cooperation.
Diplomatic relations between Mongolia and Italy were established on June 29, 1970. From Mongolia, President Bagabandi Natsag paid a State Visit in 2000, followed by President Elbegdorj Tsakhia’s State Visit in 2011. Mongolia inaugurated its embassy in Rome in October 2011, while Italy opened its embassy in Ulaanbaatar in July 2016.
As stated previously, Kazakhstan and Italy reaffirm commitment to strengthening strategic partnership.
By
Zhanna Nurmaganbetova

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Parliament Approves Five-Year Development Guidelines of Mongolia for 2026-2030 www.montsame.mn

At its plenary session on November 28, 2025, the State Great Khural of Mongolia approved the parliamentary resolution on the approval of the Five-Year Development Guidelines of Mongolia for 2026-2030. The policy framework titled “New Trust - Bold Reform” outlines 10 national goals under eight policy directions, including raising productivity and diversifying the processing industry to sustain stable economic growth.
The eight strategic directions are: Human Development; Social Development and Shared National Values; Economic and Infrastructure Development; Environment and Green Economy; Government Efficiency and Governance; Regional Development; National Competitiveness; and Science, Technology, and Artificial Intelligence. 
The policy also aims to narrow regional development disparities, promote economic diversification, and balance population migration. It sets goals to improve the business environment, reduce state involvement in markets, promote fair competition, protect the rights of entrepreneurs and investors, and deepen tax and customs reforms. In the education and health sectors, the plan seeks to ensure equitable access to quality services, develop a workforce aligned with labor market demands, and raise the Human Development Index to 0.85.
The new policy was developed in accordance with the Law on Development Policy and Planning, based on scientific evidence, and reflecting public opinion, as well as ensuring coherence and unity of objectives across all stages of planning and implementation. The new policy also aligns with “Vision-2050,” Mongolia’s long-term development policy, and the Government Action Program for 2024–2028. 
Following the enactment of the Law on Development Policy and Planning in 2020, Mongolia adopted its first-ever five-year development policy. According to the law, the next five-year policy must be submitted to the State Great Khural at least two months before the expiry of the previous one. Accordingly, the government submitted draft Five-Year Development Guidelines of Mongolia for 2026-2030 to parliament. After deliberations, 56.1 percent of attending members of parliament voted in favor of approving the resolution.
After deliberations, 56.1 percent of attending Members of Parliament voted in favor of approving the resolution.

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‘Mongolia-UK Infrastructure Forum’ Discusses Digital Construction www.montsame.mn

The “Mongolia-UK Infrastructure Forum: Digital Construction” was held.
Based on Mongolia’s need to transition to the digital system of Building Information Modeling /BIM/, the British Embassy in Mongolia and the Ministry of Urban Development, Construction, and Housing (MUDCH) of Mongolia co-organized the Forum, which discussed digital transformations in infrastructure development, building information modelling, and digital reform in the construction sector, specifically, policies regarding the implementation of BIM in Mongolia.
A project developed in accordance with BIM methodologies has the advantage of anticipating potential issues that may arise during construction and preventing risks. Participants of the Forum held discussions on studying best practices worldwide and aligning them with Mongolia’s policies and market conditions.
During the event, M. Bayaraa, State Secretary of the MUDCH, stated, “BIM has become a foundational technology that connects all project participants within a single information environment and integrates all stages, from planning, design, manufacturing, and construction to monitoring and operation, through data-driven solutions. We will pay special attention to implementing and localizing model projects that will be mandatory for government- and internationally funded projects, developing a unified platform, digitizing operations in stages, and training and strengthening the capacity of engineers and technical staff in the sector. This Forum is an important platform for jointly building experience, knowledge, and technology.”
Around the world, construction and infrastructure development are rapidly shifting toward digitalization. Mongolia also continuously supports digital transformation as a matter of national policy. For instance, both the long-term development policy “Vision 2050” and the Government’s “State Policy on the Construction Sector” set the goal of introducing the Building Project Management and Information Integration System (BIM) at the national level.

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Investment and Trade Agency Hosts Session to Boost Foreign Investment www.montsame.mn

The Investment and Trade Agency organized an Investor Information Session on November 27, 2025.
Supported by the German International Cooperation Agency (GIZ), the session titled “Preparing Investment Proposals” provided information on Mongolia’s investment environment, methodologies for developing investment proposals, skills for presenting projects, stages of investment preparation, and other key considerations. The agency noted that it will continue working with stakeholders, regularly organizing activities and trainings aimed at supporting investment.
During the meeting the participants received detailed information on government services available to foreign investors, taxation for foreign-invested businesses, customs procedures, import exemptions and incentives, and arbitration services in Mongolia.
The event offered foreign investors an effective platform to directly communicate with government officials and business representatives, ask questions, and gain a deeper understanding of the support and opportunities available for foreign-invested companies operating in Mongolia.

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Mongolia issues extreme cold weather warning www.xinhuanet.com

Mongolia is expected to experience freezing weather next week, the country's weather agency said Saturday.
Starting Saturday night, heavy snow is expected to hit the western and central parts of the country, and overnight temperatures in some areas are expected to reach minus 39-44 degrees Celsius, the weather agency said in a statement.
The agency also warned that strong winds and snowstorms are expected to hit the Altai Mountains in the west and the southern Gobi desert provinces, such as Umnugovi, Dundgovi and Dornogovi, from Saturday to Sunday, with an average wind speed estimated at 18 to 20 meters per second.
In this regard, the country's meteorological agency warned the residents of Ulan Bator and 21 provinces, including nomadic herders, to take extra precautions against possible disasters. Mongolia's harsh and cold winter lasts for quite a long time. Temperature can range between minus 25 degrees Celsius and 45 degrees Celsius.

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Cigarettes to cost about MNT 15,339 by 2030 www.gogo.mn

On November 27, the Parliament discussed a draft amendment to the Law on Tobacco Control that would raise excise taxes on tobacco in stages through 2030, a move the government says will fund school lunches, improve food nutrition and support student education.
Mongolia first adopted the Law on Combating the Harms of Tobacco in 1993, revising it in 2005 and replacing it with the current Law on Tobacco Control. The law has been amended several times since (2012, 2015, 2019, 2022 and 2023) and has introduced measures such as bans on smoking and advertising in public places, limits on sales within 500 metres of schools, and prominent public health warnings.
The new amendment would phase in higher excise rates through 2030 and extend regulation to new product types, including electronic and heated tobacco products and other nicotine and non-nicotine delivery systems, bringing those products under the law’s scope.
Claims that higher excise taxes will boost counterfeit cigarette sales are unfounded, officials said: when customs duties were raised in 2017, the share of counterfeit purchases fell from 13% to 6.3%, the Ministry of Finance noted. The ministry’s projections estimate average retail prices will rise as follows:
2026: MNT 4,366
2027: MNT 7,082
2028: MNT 9,815
2029: MNT 12,560
2030: MNT 15,339
Law-enforcement agencies report they detect roughly 300–550 tobacco-law violations each year; penalties can include fines of MNT 15–40 million and revocation of special licences. About half of recorded violations related to the ban on sales within 500 metres of educational institutions.
Tobacco use remains high: as of 2024, 28.4% of Mongolia’s population smoked, ranking the country 7th in the WHO Western Pacific Region. Approximately 4,300 tobacco-related deaths are recorded in Mongolia each year. Therefore, e-cigarette use among teenagers has outpaced traditional cigarette smoking. About one in four students aged 13–17 now use e-cigarettes, according to recent statistics.

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