Events
| Name | organizer | Where |
|---|---|---|
| MBCC “Doing Business with Mongolia seminar and Christmas Receptiom” Dec 10. 2025 London UK | MBCCI | London UK Goodman LLC |
NEWS
DP opposes deputy minister appointments www.ubpost.mn
The Democratic Party (DP) caucus group in parliament convened an extraordinary meeting and announced it has formally submitted demands to Prime Minister G.Zandanshatar concerning the recent appointments of additional deputy ministers.
DP Chair O.Tsogtgerel criticized the government for expanding what he described as an already bloated state structure at a time when businesses and taxpayers are under severe strain. He said many enterprises are struggling to survive, with some already declaring bankruptcy, yet the government continues to add new leadership positions, effectively turning Mongolia into a country run by nearly 40 ministers.
According to O.Tsogtgerel, the government lacks a coherent economic policy and is mired in systemic corruption, resulting in economic stagnation. He warned that businesses are closing due to tax burdens, while the education and health sectors are deteriorating. At the same time, citizens’ livelihoods are worsening, and vulnerable groups are increasingly at risk of food insecurity.
The DP caucus group also raised concerns about the 2025 state budget, noting that projected revenues have been reduced. They warned that centralized investment projects may be delayed, performance-based payments to enterprises may not be made, and next year’s budget could begin with accumulated arrears.
The opposition group stressed the urgent need to cut taxes, support economic growth, streamline the structure of government, and shift public administration into an austerity mode. O.Tsogtgerel accused the prime minister’s cabinet of failing to realistically assess the country’s economic situation, neglecting the problems faced by enterprises that drive growth, and ignoring the need to protect citizens’ livelihoods.
He added that public trust has been undermined by the government’s decision to appoint 16 additional deputy ministers and establish new agencies, rather than reducing the existing structure of 20 ministers as many had hoped. The move, he said, dashed expectations that the new government would correct past mistakes and seriously combat corruption.
As a result, the Democratic Party caucus group is demanding that Prime Minister G.Zandanshatar revoke the decision made on December 17, to appoint new deputy ministers, and submit a proposal to parliament during the autumn session to reduce the current structure of the government. The group warned that if these demands are not met, it will initiate proceedings to raise the issue of dismissing the government.
“Nogoon Nuur 1008” project manager deported and banned from re-entry for three years www.gogo.mn
An inspection by the Immigration Agency of Mongolia at the “Nogoon Nuur 1008” ger-district redevelopment site has found serious violations.
The review noted that, despite a Government Decree exempting 372 project employees from payment, the project employed foreign workers without required permits, concealed and facilitated the escape of people working illegally, and transferred project staff to work outside designated locations for profit. The Agency issued official warnings and guidance to remedy the breaches, but the violations continued and attempts were made to influence state agencies’ decisions.
As a result, the residence permit of the project manager, Chinese national Yang Yao, was revoked and he was deported. Authorities later determined that he re-entered Mongolia using an official passport and engaged in activities inconsistent with the purpose of his entry. He has now been banned from re-entering Mongolia for three years.
The Immigration Agency of Mongolia warned that there have been illegal attempts to pressure and influence government officials to change legal agency decisions. The Agency reminded businesses and organisations to respect Mongolian law and not to support illegal activities by foreign nationals.
E-Mongolia Platform Making Tangible Contribution to Delivering Public Services Efficiently to Citizens www.montsame.mn
A high-level meeting marking the 20th anniversary of the implementation of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) was held at the United Nations Headquarters on December 16-17, 2025.
Permanent Representative of Mongolia to the United Nations, Ankhbayar Nyamdorj, attended the meeting and delivered remarks. He highlighted that Mongolia is effectively leveraging digital technologies to enhance access to public services, strengthen transparency, and promote good governance, noting that initiatives such as the “E-Mongolia” digital platform are making a tangible contribution to delivering public services to citizens promptly and equitably.
He further emphasized that international cooperation and multi-stakeholder partnerships, particularly those aimed at strengthening the capacities of developing countries and landlocked developing countries, are essential to ensuring the equitable sharing of the benefits of digital transformation.
Mongolia also expressed its support for ensuring that the outcome document of the WSIS contributes meaningfully to the assessment of the implementation of the “2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”.
18 state owned companies to be publicly traded www.gogo.mn
The government has submitted to the Parliament the main directions for implementation in 2026-2028 in order to bring state owned companies under the control of citizens and increase efficiency.
The draft resolution aims to stop theft by publicly selling, privatizing, and restructuring shares of state-owned legal entities through the stock exchange.
Within the framework of the main directions, 10-66% of state-owned shares of 18 state owned companies and enterprises will be offered to the public through the stock exchange and converted into open joint-stock companies.
The entire shares of eight state owned companies will be sold and seven state owned companies and enterprises will be merged to save costs and restructure.
Mongolia, Russia Agree to Work Toward Restoring Direct Flights Between Their Capitals www.montsame.mn
Prime Minister of Mongolia, Zandanshatar Gombojav, received Minister of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation and Head of the Russian side to the Mongolia–Russia Intergovernmental Commission, Alexander Aleksandrovich Kozlov, on December 19, 2025.
At the outset of the meeting, the Prime Minister congratulated Deputy Prime Minister Gankhuyag Khassuuri and Minister of Natural Resources and Environment Alexander Kozlov, heads of the national sections of the two sides, on the successful organization of the 27th regular meeting of the Mongolia–Russia Intergovernmental Commission on Trade, Economic, Scientific and Technical Cooperation in Ulaanbaatar.
PM Zandanshatar informed that the State Great Khural (Parliament) of Mongolia ratified the Interim Free Trade Agreement (ITA) between Mongolia and the Eurasian Economic Union on December 12, 2025, and expressed hope that Russia and other EAEU member states would ratify the ITA in the near future.
He also expressed gratitude to Russia for its constant supply of petroleum products to Mongolia amid difficult domestic conditions in Russia and instability in international markets. Stressing that gasoline consumption in Mongolia increases particularly during the winter season, the Prime Minister requested the Russian side to pay special attention to increasing and stabilizing supplies.
Within the framework of energy cooperation, the PM emphasized that jointly implementing the Egi River Hydropower Plant project would be mutually beneficial and proposed close cooperation in the construction works.
Minister Kozlov thanked the Prime Minister for meeting with him and informed that the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation plans to ratify the ITA between Mongolia and the EAEU at its session yesterday.
He further underscored the importance of cooperation in the energy sector and stated that Russia would give due attention to the supply of petroleum products to Mongolia.
He also highlighted the significance attached to cooperation in humanitarian sectors such as education, culture, and health, expressing readiness to actively develop collaboration in these areas.
Furthermore, the two sides stressed that the absence of direct flights between the capitals of the two countries negatively affects not only people-to-people exchanges but also bilateral trade and economic cooperation, and agreed to work together to restore direct flights.
In the conclusion of the meeting, PM Zandanshatar expressed confidence that the parties would actively cooperate to implement the Protocol signed following the 27th meeting of the Mongolia–Russia Intergovernmental Commission held in Ulaanbaatar and achieve tangible results.
Scientists found a hidden clock inside dinosaur eggshells www.sciencedaily.com
A global team of geologists and paleontologists has developed a new technique that makes it possible to accurately determine the age of fossil-bearing rocks by directly analyzing fossilized dinosaur eggshells. This approach offers a reliable alternative to methods that depend on surrounding materials that may not always be present.
The research was led by Dr. Ryan Tucker of Stellenbosch University's Department of Earth Sciences and published in the journal Communications Earth & Environment.
Why Fossil Dating Has Been So Difficult
Many fossil sites around the world lack precise age estimates. When scientists do not know exactly when fossils formed, it becomes much harder to understand how ancient species and ecosystems evolved and interacted over time. Traditional dating methods usually rely on minerals like zircon or apatite found near fossils, but these minerals are not consistently available at every site. Efforts to directly date fossil remains such as bones or teeth have often resulted in unreliable or inconsistent ages.
Instead of focusing on surrounding minerals or skeletal remains, Dr. Tucker and his colleagues turned their attention to fossilized dinosaur eggshells. Using advanced uranium-lead (U-Pb) dating combined with detailed elemental mapping, the team measured extremely small amounts of uranium and lead locked inside the calcite structure of the eggshells. These radioactive elements decay at known rates, effectively acting as a built-in clock that reveals when the eggs were buried.
Testing the Method in Utah and Mongolia
The researchers tested their approach on dinosaur eggshells from Utah (USA) and the Gobi Desert (Mongolia). The results showed that the eggshells could be dated with an accuracy of about five percent when compared with ages determined from volcanic ash layers. In Mongolia, the team achieved a major milestone by establishing the first direct age for a famous site containing dinosaur eggs and nests, placing it at roughly 75 million years old.
"Eggshell calcite is remarkably versatile," says Dr. Tucker. "It gives us a new way to date fossil sites where volcanic layers are missing, a challenge that has limited paleontology for decades."
The project brought together scientists from the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina State University, Colorado School of Mines, the Mongolian Academy of Sciences' Institute of Paleontology, and Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (Brazil). Fieldwork in Mongolia was conducted through the Mongolian Alliance for Dinosaur Exploration (MADEx), with support from the National Geographic Society and the National Science Foundation.
A Powerful Tool for Understanding Dinosaur Evolution
By demonstrating that dinosaur eggshells can reliably record geologic time, the study creates a new connection between biology and Earth science and provides researchers with a valuable tool for dating fossil sites worldwide.
"Direct dating of fossils is a paleontologist's dream," says study co-author Lindsay Zanno, associate research professor at North Carolina State University and head of paleontology at the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences. "Armed with this new technique, we can unravel mysteries about dinosaur evolution that used to be insurmountable."
The article "U-Pb calcite age dating of fossil eggshell as an accurate deep time geochronometer" was published in Communications Earth & Environment.
Mongolia’s first national refinery projected to begin operations in 2026 www.energiesmedia.com
Cooperation between nations has become a necessity for energy projects to reach their full potential. Mongolia is a nation that is sandwiched between China and Russia, and has, for generations, relied on imports of energy resources to meet demand. Now, the country is developing its first-ever national refinery through some substantial assistance from India. The Mongol Refinery will become a landmark achievement for the nation that even Genghis Khan would be proud of, probably.
India is reporting significant progress in the development of the Mongol refinery
The first-ever national refinery in Mongolia was mostly financed by India’s largest-ever line of credit to an outside nation, $1.7 billion to be exact. Mongolia is a landlocked nation that requires access to either China’s or Russia’s ports to receive the necessary components to complete the billion-dollar refinery in the new year, but expectations are that progress will accelerate following delays due to the COVID pandemic and Mongolia’s harsh weather conditions.
Mongolia’s President, Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh, recently paid a visit to India to discuss the Mongol refinery with India’s Secretary (East) P Kumaran. In the meeting, Kumaran noted that the progress is on track, and that India expects construction work to be completed by 2026 at the very latest and full-scale operations to kick off in 2028.
OPITO
“The refinery is coming up very well. Almost all the civil work is over. Refinery equipment is being manufactured in India and will soon be shipped to Mongolia. We expect that by 2028, the refinery should be in operation. The Mongolian government attaches great importance to this project as it will help them achieve energy independence by refining their own crude oil rather than exporting it.” – Periasamy Kumaran, Secretary (East) in the Ministry of External Affairs of India
Mongolia is aiming to build its energy security and independence from imports
The Mongol refinery is located in the city of Altanshiree and will become a glowing beacon of energy security for a nation that has mostly relied on imports of refined energy resources. India has noted that it is evaluating the accessibility to Mongolia through either China’s Tianjin port or Russia’s Vladivostok port. The decision will be influenced by economic viability.
Russia seems to be offering a discounted rate to use its Vladivostok port and Trans-Siberian Railway, no doubt due to the fact that Mongolia and India are two of the few remaining countries still willing to do business with Moscow. The Mongol refinery will have the capacity to handle 1,5 million metric tonnes of crude oil per year, or 30,000 barrels a day.
While China expresses its intentions to construct a new refinery that will boost the nation’s petrochemical output capacity, Mongolia is aiming to launch its first-ever refinery over the coming years, if all goes according to plan. After the project was delayed multiple times due to the pandemic and Mongolia’s harsh weather conditions, expectations are for the project to reach its full potential in the new year.
“Currently, most of Mongolia’s crude is exported to China and refined products are imported from Russia. To ensure the refinery’s long-term sustainability, the Mongolian side wants to explore more domestic oil reserves. India has expressed interest in participating in these exploration and prospecting activities.” – Periasamy Kumaran, Secretary (East) in the Ministry of External Affairs of India
India’s energy ambitions have led the country into a new era of capacity output
India is most certainly hoping to increase its standing in the international energy sector over the coming years. The eye-watering line of credit it provided the Mongol Refinery project exemplifies the nation’s expertise in identifying projects that will not only provide substantial energy output but also strengthen the Indian presence on the global energy stage. That has not stopped India from developing a new petrochemical complex that will boost the nation’s chemical capacity as well.
Traces of the fastest dinosaur ever discovered in Mongolia by a team of archaeologists www.dailynewshungary.com
A recent palaeontological discovery is fundamentally reshaping our understanding of theropods. The analysis of ancient tracks suggests that one of the fastest dinosaurs may have lived during the Cretaceous period, raising new questions about the capabilities of predatory prehistoric creatures. A 120-million-year-old trackway discovered in Mongolia sheds new light on the locomotion of theropods. According to the fossilised footprints, these may belong to the fastest dinosaur ever identified, capable of running at astonishing speeds – roughly comparable to that of a modern professional cyclist, reports IFLScience. How fast were dinosaurs really? Dinosaurs are often imagined as enormous, sluggish creatures, but a new palaeontological discovery significantly nuances this image. Based on fossilised footprints dating from the Cretaceous period, researchers have identified the tracks of what is believed to be the fastest theropod known to date. The footprints are attributed to a medium-sized predatory dinosaur that may have reached speeds of around 45 kilometres per hour while running. This pace is not only exceptional in the context of dinosaurs but is also remarkable by modern standards, roughly equivalent to the speed of a professional cyclist. Transylvania’s new sensation: Unparalleled dinosaur site unearthed! The fastest dinosaur’s tracks found in Mongolia The footprints were discovered in Mongolia within a Lower Cretaceous sedimentary layer, meaning the animals that left them lived approximately 120–130 million years ago. What makes the site particularly remarkable is that it contains not one but two distinct trackways. One of these is attributed to a large-bodied theropod dinosaur, which researchers associate with the species Chapus lockleyi. This animal appears to have been moving at a calm, walking pace. The other trackway, however, indicates far more dynamic movement: it was made by a medium-sized, as yet unidentified prehistoric animal, classified within the Eubrontidae group, and it may represent the fastest dinosaur that ever lived. How is a dinosaur’s speed calculated? The study of fossilised footprints falls within the field of ichnology, which analyses traces left behind by ancient organisms. To estimate a dinosaur’s speed, researchers first assessed the animal’s size and stride length, then compared these measurements to its estimated hip height. Based on the resulting so-called relative stride length, scientists can distinguish between walking, trotting and running. Walking typically falls below a value of 2, while running begins above 2.9. In the case of the medium-sized theropod examined here, this value was an astonishingly high 5.25, clearly indicating sprinting. Additional details of the footprints further support the conclusion of extraordinary speed. The impressions are particularly pronounced at the toes, while heel marks are almost entirely absent – a pattern that, in modern animals as well, is characteristic of fast, explosive running. Moreover, the trackway is almost perfectly straight, suggesting that the animal was not manoeuvring but moving forward at maximum speed. The Flores man’s disappearance may have finally been explained What does all this reveal about theropods? The discovery aligns well with previous biomechanical models, which suggest that large-bodied theropods tended to move more slowly, while smaller and medium-sized predators were capable of exceptionally fast running. This case provides particularly strong evidence that these theoretical models are supported by real-world data derived from fossilised footprints.
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Mongolia and the Russian Federation Strengthen Cooperation in the Field of Transport www.open.kg
On December 19, the 27th meeting of the Intergovernmental Russian-Mongolian Commission took place in the capital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, focusing on issues of trade-economic, scientific-technical, and cultural cooperation. During the commission's work, important and relevant issues of mutual interest to both countries were discussed.
The Russian delegation was headed by Alexander Kozlov, the Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, who is also the chairman of the Russian part of the commission. On the Mongolian side, the meeting was led by Gankhuyag Khassuur, Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia.
Deputy Minister of Transport of Russia Alexey Shilo also participated in the discussions on behalf of the Ministry of Transport.
During the meeting, key areas for bilateral cooperation were identified, including economy, finance, industry, healthcare, energy, education, science, culture, and sports. Special attention was given to transport issues, including the development of the railway in Ulaanbaatar.
Additionally, negotiations were held with the Minister of Roads and Transport of Mongolia, Delgersaikhan Borhuu, during which the parties emphasized the necessity of joint implementation of infrastructure projects in the fields of railway and road transport, as well as civil aviation. The further development of cooperation in the Russia-Mongolia-China format was also discussed.
As a result of the meeting, a Protocol on the 27th meeting of the commission and a Memorandum of Understanding between the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography of Russia and the Main Directorate of Land Management, Geodesy and Cartography of Mongolia were signed.
The participants of the meeting expressed their commitment to maintaining an active dialogue, strengthening partnerships in priority areas, and jointly preparing for significant events in 2026, including the celebration of the 105th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Russia and Mongolia.
Ulan Bator and G7 countries sign strategic agreement www.asianews.it
The state visit of Mongolian President Khurelsukh Ukhnaa to Italy in early December concluded the signing of Mongolian partnership projects with the G7 countries, after agreements were reached with the United States, Japan, Germany, France, Canada and the United Kingdom.
The diverse agreements with each of the seven major countries have nevertheless guaranteed a state of ‘strategic partnership’ with the entire group, which adds to a series of contacts with other countries, such as Turkey and Kazakhstan, evolving with those of the G20 and the European Union's ‘19+2’ with the union of African countries.
Mongolia already has a well-established relationship with Australia, and good relations are underway with India and South Korea, in addition to China and Russia, the neighbouring giants with which Mongolia has always been in constant interaction.
Other countries with relations with Ulaanbaatar are Argentina, Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia and South Africa. With Italy, during the meeting with the President of the Republic Sergio Mattarella, the desire to strengthen Italian-Mongolian relations and economic cooperation with mutual benefits was confirmed, increasing the volume of trade and investment, including in new sectors such as fashion and cashmere, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, and cooperation in the industrial and agricultural fields.
Mongolian Foreign Minister Battsetseg Batmunkh commented that “the strategic partnership between Mongolians and Italians will be a great advantage for both sides, acting as a catalyst for future development and sustainable growth, promoting harmony and common progress between the two peoples”.
In addition, the 15th anniversary of the Fulbright-Hays programme for the reception of foreign students from Mongolia was celebrated in recent days. The programme commemorates the initiatives launched after the Second World War by Senator James Fulbright of Arkansas in the United States, funded by the US State Department for cultural and academic relations between the citizens of the United States and all friendly countries internationally.
Thanks to this programme, over the last 15 years, 130 specialists from Mongolia have completed higher education in the United States in many fields of study, including healthcare, geology and mining research.
Mongolia needs economic support to sustain its foreign debt, which according to the statistics institute reached .4 billion in the third quarter of 2025, 13% more than the previous year. The debt is due to growing investments, internal corporate loans and the growth of government loans, concentrated in Central Bank loans, which grew by 3.5%, with interventions in many sectors of the economy.
Inflation in Mongolia, again according to statistics, fell significantly in November to 8.2% annually, after a surge in October, managing to contain prices in the construction sector, municipal public services, restaurants and healthcare institutions, although food and transport continue to maintain very high prices, which are growing by 0.6% monthly.
Mongolia's international relations are the path that, in recent years, under the presidency of Khurelsukh Ukhnaa, it has sought to find a way out of economic and social stagnation, which had led to many internal conflicts, including allegations of corruption at various levels of public officials, and not to be excluded from the particularly active development processes in the middle corridors of East and Central Asia, where Ulan Bator is proposing itself as one of the key points not to be overlooked.
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