1 ABC SIGNS MOUS IN MALAYSIA, MONGOLIA AND TIMOR-LESTE WWW.ABC.NET.AU PUBLISHED:2026/02/02      2 EBRD BETS BIG ON CENTRAL ASIA, MONGOLIA WITH $2B PUSH WWW.CASPIANPOST.COM  PUBLISHED:2026/02/01      3 FOUR INVESTORS SHORTLISTED FOR ERDENET-BASED COPPER SMELTER PROJECT WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/02/01      4 MONGOLIA CALLS FOR FASTER EXPANSION OF CHINGGIS KHAAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/02/01      5 MONGOLIA ADVANCES IASA PREPARATIONS FOR DIRECT FLIGHTS TO THE U.S. WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/02/01      6 CONSTRUCTION ADVANCES ON FOUR ROAD UNDERPASSES IN ULAANBAATAR WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/02/01      7 INTEGRATED SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM OPERATES TO IMPROVE SAFETY WWW.UBPOST.MN PUBLISHED:2026/02/01      8 MONGOLIA RECEIVES NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY MASTER PLAN (2026–35) TO DRIVE PRODUCTIVITY-LED GROWTH, RESILIENCE, AND SHARED PROSPERITY WWW.GLOBALNEWSWIRE.COM PUBLISHED:2026/01/29      9 78 FOREIGN NATIONALS FROM 12 COUNTRIES DEPORTED FROM MONGOLIA WWW.GOGO.MN PUBLISHED:2026/01/29      10 JAPANESE MILITARY MAPS REVEAL FIRST LOOK AT THE HIDDEN GREAT MONGOLIAN ROAD WWW.INDIANDEFENCEREVIEW.COM PUBLISHED:2026/01/29      ОЮУ ТОЛГОЙ ХХК-ИЙН ШИНЭ ГҮЙЦЭТГЭХ ЗАХИРАЛ АЖЛАА ХҮЛЭЭН АВЛАА WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/02/02     “ОЮУ ТОЛГОЙ” КОМПАНИ 2025 ОНД ТӨСВИЙН ОРЛОГЫН 9 ХУВИЙГ БҮРДҮҮЛЖЭЭ WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/02/01     "МОНГОЛД БАГА ЧАДЛЫН АТОМЫН ЦАХИЛГААН СТАНЦ БАРИХ ШИЙДЭЛ, ТООЦООЛЛЫГ СУДЛАХ ҮҮРЭГ ӨГЛӨӨ" WWW.GOGO.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/02/01     ХЯТАДЫН ШИНЭ ТАВАН ЖИЛИЙН ТӨЛӨВЛӨГӨӨ БА МОНГОЛД НЭЭГДЭХ БОЛОМЖУУД WWW.GOGO.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/02/01     ЗАМЫН ХӨДӨЛГӨӨНИЙ УХААЛАГ СИСТЕМИЙН ҮР ДҮНД ОРГИЛ АЧААЛЛЫН ҮРГЭЛЖЛЭХ ХУГАЦАА НЭГ ЦАГААР БАГАСЖЭЭ WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/02/01     Н.УЧРАЛ: ХӨДӨЛМӨРЛӨЖ БАЙГАА ХҮН БҮРТ ДАРАМТ БИШ БОЛОМЖ ОЛГОЖ, ТӨР НӨЛӨӨЛЛӨӨ БАГАСГАЖ ЧӨЛӨӨЛЬЕ WWW.MONTSAME.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/02/01     ВЬЕТНАМД МОНГОЛ ЯМААНЫ МАХААР ДӨРВӨН ТӨРЛИЙН БҮТЭЭГДЭХҮҮН ХИЙЖ БАЙНА WWW.MONTSAME.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/02/01     МАНАЙ УЛС ДАХЬ ХАМГИЙН УРТ БУЮУ 12.6 КМ ДАМЖУУРГЫГ АШИГЛАЛТАД ОРУУЛЖЭЭ WWW.GOGO.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/29     ББСБ-УУДЫН ХЭРЭГЛЭЭНИЙ БОЛОН ЦАХИМ ЗЭЭЛИЙН ДАВХАРДЛЫГ БУУРУУЛАХ ШИЙДВЭР ГАРЛАА WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/29     НИСЭХ БУУДЛЫН ӨРГӨТГӨЛИЙГ ЯАРАЛТАЙ ЭХЛЭХ ШААРДЛАГАТАЙГ ДАХИН ТОДОТГОВ WWW.MONTSAME.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/29    

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MBCC “Doing Business with Mongolia seminar and Christmas Receptiom” Dec 10. 2025 London UK MBCCI London UK Goodman LLC

NEWS

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Mayor Reports on Construction Projects to be Implemented in 2026 www.montsame.mn

The Mayor of Ulaanbaatar and Governor of the Capital City, Nyambaatar Khishgee, provided information related to some mega projects in Ulaanbaatar city.  
The mayor said, “As the start of the mega projects to be implemented in 2026, construction of the Tuul highway will begin on March 15. We are working on a tight schedule to open the roadway to traffic on July 1, 2027.  As of today, preparations for the construction of the Tuul highway are 80 percent complete. Bids for the Ring Road construction will be opened on March 1. The second-stage tender of the Ulaanbaatar Metro Project was officially announced on December 24, 2025. The tender is scheduled to be opened on May 1, 2026.”
He also said, “This year, switching from briquetted fuel to semi-coke fuel generated savings of MNT 80 billion. Previously, fuel was produced from middlings with a subsidy of MNT 300 billion from Erdenes Tavantolgoi, whereas this year the expenditure on semi-coke fuel totaled MNT 220 billion. We are seeking solutions to build a semi-coke fuel plant that will rely on the Baganuur coal mine to avoid importing semi-coke fuel from abroad. With the Tuul highway and ring roads to be operational, traffic congestion is estimated to decrease by 50 percent. In efforts to reduce air pollution, the municipal office is working to switch to new fuel in the short term, gas and electric fuel in the mid-term, and housing in the long term. Within the framework of UNICEF’s CHIP Initiative, insulating and transitioning roughly 5,000 ger dwellings to gas fuel is planned to be completed by February 1, 2026.”
The municipal office also plans to implement seven energy projects in 2026, including the construction of the Thermal Power Plant-V, a 24 MW TPP in Emeelt Industrial Park, a TPP in Dambadarjaa, gas-fired power plants in Denjiin 1000 and Khan Hills, and a waste-to-energy plant.
In 2025, 1,436 unauthorized retail kiosks that occupied public areas and obstructed traffic were relocated, and the areas were cleared. In response, kiosk operators organized a protest. Nyambaatar said, “A meeting to negotiate with the kiosk operators will be held next week. Newly opened service centers at two locations in Ulaanbaatar will provide free space and workplaces for kiosk operators. The city hopes to relocate the more than 20 remaining kiosks through negotiation rather than enforcement, and five kiosk owners have already moved voluntarily.” He explained that the relocation is connected with the tram project scheduled to begin next year. The capital plans to announce the tender for the Tram Project on February 15 and open it in April 2026. Because the land clearing is required for this development, kiosks are being moved, and in some areas, the city will designate new locations for them.

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AI Cameras Begin Detecting Traffic Violations, Issuing Fines www.montsame.mn

 From January 1, 2026, traffic violations detected by artificial intelligence-based smart cameras are being enforced with fines.
Ulaanbaatar city has installed more than 2,600 cameras at 176 intersections and road crossings, enabling full AI-assisted traffic monitoring, a project launched last year. Starting January 1, information on violations detected by AI cameras is being sent to drivers with links and visual evidence, followed by the imposition of fines.
According to the Ulaanbaaar Traffic Control Center, all recordings of traffic violations are time-stamped to the minute and second, ensuring accuracy and minimizing errors. In the event of a dispute, drivers may submit complaints, which can be reviewed and resolved based on documented evidence.
The smart camera system detects and penalizes 10 types of violations, including:
·         speeding
·         running red lights
·         improper use of the first lane
·         incorrect lane positioning
·         stopping at bus stops
·         momentary speeding
·         average speed violations
·         crossing the “STOP” line
·         temporary or prolonged illegal parking
·         parking on sidewalks or green areas.

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Mongolia Ranks Among World’s Top 20 for Tourism Recovery www.montsame.mn

Mongolia has officially ranked among the world’s top 20 countries for tourism recovery, according to the November 2025 edition of the “World Tourism Barometer” published by UN Tourism, the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).
The report indicates that in the first nine months of 2025, the number of foreign visitors to Mongolia increased by 16 percent compared to 2024, which is twice the regional average.
Compared to the pre-pandemic level in 2019, inbound tourism has grown by 44 percent, positioning Mongolia among the fastest-recovering tourism destinations globally. This performance exceeds the regional average and reflects the impact of Government measures to develop and promote tourism.

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State Inspection and Inventory to be Conducted www.montsame.mn

At its regular session on December 31, 2025,  the Cabinet approved its draft resolution on conducting a state inspection and inventory of state and local properties.
In the current inventory, approximately 7,000 state and local government organizations will have their assets reviewed, of which 5,500 are owned by provincial and capital city institutions.
The costs required for the state inspection and inventory will be covered by the Agency for Policy Coordination on State Property, as well as by the governors of aimags and the capital city, within their approved 2026 budgets.
According to the Law on State and Local Property, a state inspection and inventory of state and local government assets is conducted once every four years.

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What Will Drive Mongolian Politics and Economy in 2026? www.thediplomat.com

2025 was a tumultuous year for Mongolia’s politics and economic endeavors. With increasing numbers of intermittent protests in the nation’s capital, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia saw political instability, corruption, and social distress. In the upcoming  year, it will be pivotal for the Mongolian government to tackle these issues to avoid further hindrance of the country’s economic potential. 
Increasing Political Instability and Social Distress 
Mongolia experienced several moments of political and social distress in 2025. In May, the collective action of Mongolia’s youth succeeded in ousting the coalition government led by Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai, citing corruption, lavish lifestyles, and failure of transparency. The fall of the coalition government then created a deeper political spat within the Mongolian People’s Party (MPP) and incited a constitutional crisis. 
Following the ousting of Oyun-Erdene’s coalition government, the incumbent Prime Minister Zandanshatar Gombojav, too, was removed from office by a parliamentary vote. Mongolia’s newly assembled 126 members of the State Great Khural were propelled to cope with the outcome of an unstable executive branch. 
Finally, after weeks of political shenanigans within the MPP, the Zandanshatar government was reinstated in late October. The State Great Khural then reviewed new state budget proposals and new ministers. In mid-December, the Office of the Prime Minister announced 16 new deputy ministers. The Democratic Party (DP), opposing such a large government, has demanded that the appointments be revoked, threatening to push for a dismissal of the government.
The combined effect of all this political movement obfuscates the very fabric of Mongolia’s good governance, political stability, and social and economic progress. 
Since early fall, Mongolia has experienced several workers strikes and protests. Educators and medical workers have protested intermittently throughout the political fiasco. Between September and November, approximately 59,000 people protested regarding a diverse array of social issues.
In the last decade, Mongolia has experienced regular strikes and protests. While this showcases the country’s democratic assembly, it also demonstrates that corruption, air pollution, and the other social issues which drive people into the streets have become a solid part of modern Mongolia’s society. 
In an effort to win the hearts and minds of the Mongolian populace, in November, the newly (re)established Zandanshatar government announced its 2026-2030 Five-Year Development Plan for Mongolia. The five-year plan to aims boost the country’s economy, tackle corruption, increase and improve Mongolia’s investment portfolio. Domestically, the Zandanshatar government aims to focus on investing in human capital, education, and science and technology. On the economic front and foreign engagements, the government aligned its development plans with Vision 2050, Mongolia’s long-term development document, authored by the previous Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai administration. 
On December 22, 2025, Mongolian citizens gathered outside the Mongolian Parliament building demanding action on the worsening fuel shortage and rising living costs. There have been reports that Orkhon and Bulgan province residents are traveling to Khuvsgul to get fuel. The protest came at a time when the Zandanshatar government has appointment deputy ministers despite its promise to reduce government spending. Local media reported that the protest leaders demanded the government to make progress within a week. 
Strengthening Mongolia’s Foreign Relations Regionally and Globally
Despite domestic political squabbling, the Zandanshatar government’s economic strategy looks to expand economic links with its two neighbors — Russia and China — while attracting diverse, but sectoral investments from third neighbor partners. 
In November, after being newly reinstated by the Parliament, Zandanshatar attended the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Heads of Government Council meeting in Moscow, Russia. 
Zandanshatar’s attendance was an important step in prioritizing regional partnership, starting with its two neighbors. Ulaanbaatar’s comprehensive strategic partnership with both Beijing and Moscow strives for a strengthened economic engagement, unlocking potential cooperation mechanisms vis-à-vis SCO member states as well as at a bilateral and trilateral level. Zandanshatar held separate bilateral meeting with the Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese State Council Premier Li Qiang.
During the Zandanshatar-Putin meeting, the two leaders focused on an economic integration, including Mongolia’s temporary three-year Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). On December 19, the Federal Council ratified Mongolia’s FTA with EAEU. 
In the fall of 2025, Ulaanbaatar experienced intermittent fuel shortages despite the government’s claim to have a guaranteed supply from Russia. One of Zandanshatar government’s priorities with his Russian counterpart was ensuring a continued supply of diesel fuel. During the recent 27th Mongolia-Russia Intergovernmental Commission meeting that took place in Ulaanbaatar, Russia committed to doubling fuel supplies to Mongolia starting January 2026, after acknowledging implementation challenges. 
While Mongolia-Russia’s energy relations have a long history, the fact that Mongolia continues to experience fuel shortage as well as having only a 30-day guarantee is a major vulnerability. These experiences once again demonstrate the dire need for energy diversification, so Mongolia can secure its own supply in the event Russia decides to prioritize domestic usage.
During the SCO meeting, Zandanshatar also held bilateral meeting with Chinese Premier Li Qiang. During those talks, Mongolia proposed increasing coal exports from Mongolia to China to 100 million tonnes. In 2024, Mongolia’s coal export to China reached all-time high, 83.7 million tonnes of coal. 
Since the Oyun-Erdene government, Mongolia has been implementing what is called a parallel approach to Beijing’s development vis-à-vis Belt and Road Initiative and other projects. The parallel approach — in essence — aims to better connect Mongolia-China investment and trade in a particular sector that can be beneficial for both countries. 
During the meeting Li stated, “China is willing to strengthen the alignment of development strategies and enhance cooperation in traditional fields such as mineral and energy resources, infrastructure, and connectivity to forge more drivers for interest convergence and cooperation.” 
Mongolia and China both emphasized the importance of “mutually aligning the development and construction plans, such as the cross-border railway at Shiveekhuren-Sekhee, Khangi-Madal, and Bichigt-Zuunkhatavch.” In the upcoming years, the two governments plan to boost cooperation in green energy and digital economy. 
Moreover, within the scope of the SCO and Mongolia-Russia-China trilateral relations, Power of Siberia 2 is a major cooperation mechanism currently pending. During the November SCO meeting, the parties endorsed the 2026-2030 Action Plan, which included the Power of Siberia 2 gas pipeline. 
Alongside Mongolia’s strong commitment and desire to accelerate comprehensive strategic partnerships with its only two neighbors, Ulaanbaatar’s third neighbor partnerships and cooperation mechanisms continue to expand. It will be pivotal for the Zandanshatar government to strengthen these links politically, economically, and culturally. 
From a regional standpoint, Mongolia’s third neighbor relations with South Korea and Japan are likely to expand in the next few years. Both Japan and South Korea have shown immense interest in cooperating in Mongolia’s rare earth minerals. Mongolia’s vast natural resources will become an economic incentive for its partners, but it also serves as a strategic significance for Ulaanbaatar’s foreign policy. 
The Zandanshatar government will need to prioritize democratic and technologically advanced “third neighbors” such as Japan, South Korea, the United States, India, Germany, France, and Australia. These partnerships are crucial and will play an increasingly important role in diversifying Mongolia’s energy sector and improving green economy. 
For example, in 2025, Mongolia and South Korea held  a strategic forum to expand cooperation in critical minerals and research. In a significant move to secure supply chains for its high-tech industries and manufacturing, South Korea launched the Korea-Mongolia Rare Metals Cooperation Center in Ulaanbaatar on December 12, 2025. 
Navigating Emerging Challenges: Mining, Corruption, and Foreign Influence
In December, the Mongolian Parliament launched its first-ever investigative public hearing on Oyu Tolgoi (Mongolia’s largest copper mining site) headed by MP Batnairamdal Otgonshar. The three-day public-hearing examined Mongolia’s interests regarding the ongoing lawsuits with the mining conglomerate Rio Tinto. 
The investigation involved state ownership and licenses, loan interest rates, management fees, and benefit distribution. Mongolia’s Oyu Tolgoi mining will be the world’s fourth largest copper mine when completed in 2030. The government has been under domestic pressure to ensure that all agreements and deals reflect and protect Mongolia’s national interest. That does not mean a populist cash handout with the financial gains that come from Oyu Tolgoi; the benefits must be translated into a tangible asset that the Mongolian populace can utilize. 
2024 research indicated that “in 2024, 26.0 percent of Mongolia’s population experienced multidimensional poverty, with deprived individuals lacking, on average, 36.8 percent of the 15 selected indicators. The most common challenges facing the multidimensionally poor relate to sanitation, internet access, health insurance and housing conditions, whereas school attendance and years of schooling are less prevalent.” 
The benefits from Mongolia’s natural resources need to help solve these challenges. 
In order for the Zandanshatar government to attract foreign direct investment, the government will need to tackle corruption. Despite’s Mongolia’s efforts, the country’s position in the Corruption Perception Index has not improved since 2019. Unless the Zandanshatar government takes a bold step and solves major cases such as the 2022 coal thief case, the green bus embezzlement, and other publicly known civil cases, the capabilities and independence of Mongolia’s judiciary will be increasingly questioned. 
2026 will be a pivotal year for Mongolia’s international relations. It has been 15 years since Mongolia’s National Security Concept (2010) was adopted, followed by the Foreign Policy Concept (2011). Since then, the regional and global geopolitical landscape have shifted and as a result, Mongolia must update its concepts and the ways in which it tackles emerging issues. Given Mongolia’s digital society, disinformation and cybersecurity have become a challenge as the country strives to become a digital nation. 
On December 18, research was released on Russia’s disinformation campaign in Mongolia and how that impacts the social media space. What the research showed at large was that Mongolia’s open society has become a victim of disinformation. The research also showed that because of Mongolia’s digital presence, it has become a hub for foreign influence and information gathering. The Mongolian government will need to address these issues while delicately balancing foreign influence on Mongolian soil. This goes without saying, but the Mongolian government will need to establish a working mechanism that protects the Mongolian people’s right to expression and perspective on all foreign and domestic matters. 
By Bolor Lkhaajav

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Mongolia 2025: Mapping foreign policy and political change www.insidemongolia.mn

2025 was marked more by the President's outbound foreign visits than by the reception of high-level foreign state guests in Mongolia. During the year, the heads of state of Austria, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Japan, and Australia paid official visits to Mongolia, while President U.Khurelsukh conducted official visits to 10 countries.
As a result, Mongolia established comprehensive partnerships with the Czech Republic, Poland, and Kyrgyzstan, and elevated relations to strategic partnerships with Turkey, India, and Italy. This brought the total number of Mongolia’s strategic partners to 10 countries.
 Most Recent Milestone: On December 1, President Khurelsukh paid an official visit to Italy, elevating bilateral relations to a strategic partnership. Italy thus became the second European country to establish a strategic partnership with Mongolia, marking progress toward higher-level relations with all G7 countries.
Special Summit
Furthermore, on September 2, the 7th trilateral summit of the heads of state of Russia, China, and Mongolia was held in Beijing, where the 3 sides finally agreed to move forward with the Power of Siberia II gas pipeline project. The previous trilateral meeting had taken place in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, in 2022.
 Mass Replacement of Ambassadors
In the final stretch of 2025, the President recalled 21 ambassadors and submitted proposals for new appointments to Parliament, all of which were reviewed and approved during parliamentary sessions. Most of the recalled envoys had been appointed in 2021, meaning their 4-year terms concluded this year, prompting a broad diplomatic rotation.
Among those recalled was A. Tumur, who had been implicated in a murder case. He was replaced by V. Oyu, a career diplomat with 30 years of service.
Political Bureau Developments
Domestic politics in 2025 were largely defined by internal power struggles within the Mongolian People’s Party (MPP). In the first half of the year, youth-led protests lasted 21 days, demanding the resignation of then Prime Minister L.Oyun-Erdene following public outrage over the extravagant lifestyle of his son and daughter-in-law. On June 3, L.Oyun-Erdene resigned, bringing down the coalition government with him.
On June 13, G.Zandanshatar was appointed Prime Minister, only to resign 127 days later. His resignation coincided with that of D.Amarbayasgalan, his rival in the race for the Mongolian People’s Party (MPP) leadership. In an unexpected turn, both contenders withdrew from the party leadership race on the same day, creating a rare and unprecedented situation in which 2 of the country’s 3 top political leaders stepped down simultaneously.
In the second half of 2025, divisions within the ruling party became increasingly visible. The outgoing Prime Minister challenged the move legally and politically, and ultimately survived after a presidential veto, narrowly retaining his cabinet. However, resignation calls resurfaced once again due to controversy surrounding the appointment of 16 Deputy Ministers.
Presidential veto: Due to persistent internal turmoil within the MPP, his own party, 2025 saw the President become active in exercising veto power, arguably the most effective tool at his disposal throughout the year. Notably, on September 24, he partially vetoed a parliamentary resolution related to the launch of the “Gold-3” campaign, ahead of the veto that ultimately kept G.Zandanshatar in office.
Protests and Civic Movements
Against the backdrop of intense political infighting, civic activism remained vibrant. Major demonstrations included the “Resignation Is Easy” protest calling for the Prime Minister’s dismissal, the counter “Let’s Take Back Ukhaa Khudag” protest, as well as doctors’ and teachers’ strikes and wage-increase demonstrations in the second half of the year.
Finally… Kudos to Mongolians who once again demonstrated remarkable political endurance in a year defined by turmoil and serial disappointments from those in power. In the span of 12 months, the country came close to cycling through 3 Prime Ministers and 2 ruling party leaders, a feat few democracies could match.  
2025 will be remembered less for policy outcomes and more as a year of highly engaging political theatre. One can only hope that in 2026, policymakers retire their internal battles and power struggles, and finally turn their attention to the work they were elected to do.

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Mongolia launches 24/5 OTC securities trading www.posttrade360.com

Mongolia has moved its over-the-counter (OTC) securities market to a 24-hour trading model. The transition was made possible by blockchain OTC technology from AND Global Group, with the firm claiming that Mongolia is now “the first country in the world to execute regulated securities trading using blockchain infrastructure”.
The firm has been testing its OTC trading system in a sandbox environement run by Mongolia’s Financial Regulatory Commission (FRC) for 18 months prior to launch. Trading operations are supervised by the Mongolian Association of Securities Dealers (MASD) while the country’s CSD helped develop payment settlement automation.
The FRC first announced plans to transition the OTC market to blockchain technology in September 2025 – in the three months between the announcement and launch, secondary market trading activity has increased by 40%.

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The legendary sleeper train connecting 3 countries in 7 days crosses 8 time zones www.mirror.co.uk

The Trans-Siberian Railway in Russia is the longest railway journey, traversing three countries and two continents, taking holidaymakers to some of the world's most secluded spots. The train links Russia, Mongolia and China on a continuous journey across eight time zones.
The classic Trans-Siberian journey takes seven days, connecting Moscow to Vladivostok over a distance of 9,258km (6,152 miles).
Other routes include the six-day Trans-Manchurian trip from Moscow to Beijing, a five-day journey to Ulan-Bator, and the shortest route, the Trans-Mongolian, which runs from Moscow to Beijing via Mongolia.
Ticket prices range from roughly $120 (£88) for a standard ticket to $1,000 (£740) for first class travel.
Russian Train stated: "As soon as it was built at the beginning of the 19th century, the Trans-Siberian Railway was proclaimed the finest of the diamonds on the crown of the Russian Empire and became famous to the whole world.
"Since then, it has been attracting many travellers striving to see the miracle of engineering and to experience the peculiar way of journey.
"At the same time, the Trans-Siberian regular trains are mostly used by locals for their commuting needs, so it is an excellent way to meet the real people and feel the pure soul of the country."
The Trans-Siberian Railway presents holidaymakers with "absolutely incomparable landscapes", making the journey a truly unique adventure.
One traveller reviewed the train trip on Tripadvisor as a "unique, unforgettable journey", while another described it as a "fascinating experience".
"My wife and I crossed off our list one of these 'must-do in our lifetime' items, which was the Trans Siberian Railway. Time flies on the train, I barely read one book in four days, the rest of the time stared out of the window; Russia by train is fascinating!"

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Mongolia Celebrates Restoration of Its Independence www.montsame.mn

Mongolia celebrates the victory of the National Liberation Movement and the restoration of its independence, as a public holiday.
On December 29, 1911, Mongolia restored its independence after more than 200 years of Manchu rule through a national movement known as the 1911 Revolution. The Mongolian people enthroned the VIII Bogd Jebtsundamba Khutugtu as the Theocratic Monarch and a government, headed by Bogd Jebtsundamba Khutugtu was established. This government consisted of five ministries: internal affairs, foreign affairs, military affairs, finance, and judicial affairs. 
Having laid the foundation for the revival of Mongolia, the 1911 Revolution is an event of utmost significance in the history of modern Mongolia and a proud historic moment to be remembered and cherished by future generations. The liberation of Mongolia in 1911 is considered to have necessitated the 1921 People’s Revolution, by fulfilling Mongolia’s long struggle to restore national freedom.
The Day of the National Liberation Movement and Independence has been celebrated as a public holiday since 2011 in accordance with the Law on Public Holidays and Celebrations.

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Livestock Numbers Up 0.8 Percent, Herder Households Down by 1,600 www.montsame.mn

The National Statistics Office of Mongolia organized a nationwide livestock census on December 7, 2025, and has presented its preliminary results.
According to the preliminary findings, Mongolia recorded 58.1 million head of livestock at the end of 2025, an increase of 445,100 head, or 0.8 percent, compared with the previous year.
By species, horses increased to 5.1 million, up 9.5 percent, leading overall growth. Cattle rose to 5.4 million (+7.2 percent), camels to 501,300 (+4.3 percent), and goats to 23.2 million (+1.1 percent). In contrast, sheep declined by 2.6 percent to 23.9 million head. Sheep account for 41.1 percent of the total herd, followed by goats (39.9 percent), cattle (9.4 percent), horses (8.8 percent), and camels (0.9 percent).
By aimag, Khuvsgul ranked first with 5.3 million head, followed by Uvurkhangai (5.1 million), Arkhangai (4.4 million), Bayankhongor (4.2 million), and Tuv (4.1 million). Livestock numbers increased by 10,300 to 325,000 head in Umnugobi, Sukhbaatar, Bayankhongor, Arkhangai, Khentii, Dornogobi, Dundgobi, Khuvsgul, Dornod, Gobisumber, Zavkhan aimags, and the Capital city. Declines of 6,300 to 354,500 head were recorded in Selenge, Uvs, Khovd, Gobi-Altai, Bayan-Ulgii, Darkhan-Uul, Tuv, Orkhon, Bulgan, and Uvurkhangai aimags. Nationwide, Umnudelger soum of Khentii aimag recorded the highest livestock number, with 532,100 head.
In addition, 313,000 herders were registered nationwide, of whom 58 percent (182,800) are men and 130,200 are women. Herders aged 35 and under account for 22 percent of the total. While a proportion of herders carry loans, another proportion pays social insurance contributions.
The number of households owning livestock reached 247,900, a decrease of 1,600 households from the previous year.

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